Introduction The quest to identify the oldest religion in the world has long fascinated scholars, historians, and theologians. Religion serves as a profound aspect of human culture, offering insights into the earliest civilizations and their interpretations of existence. Determining the oldest religion involves examining archaeological evidence, sacred texts, oral traditions, and historical accounts. Unlike contemporary religions, ancient belief systems were often intertwined with culture and daily life, complicating the task of categorization. This essay seeks to explore the contenders for...
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The Mediterranean Sea is called the sea on land because it borders the three continents, the origin of modern European civilization. The Mediterranean, which played a central role in Europe through the prosperity of Egypt, Greece, Rome, and Spain, has been called variously in history. The Mediterranean sea was called the ‘Great Green’ by Ancient Egyptians, the ‘our sea’ by ancient Romans, the ‘great sea’ by Jews and ‘white seas’ by Turks. These various names themselves are representative grounds for...
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I have said that the soul is not more than the body, And I have said that the body is not more than the soul, And nothing, not God, is greater to one than one's self is, (…) I see something of God each hour of the twenty-four, and each moment then, In the faces of men and women I see God, and in my own face in the glass, I find letters from God dropt in the street, and...
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“To sing about freedom and to pray for its coming is not enough. Freedom must be actualized in history by oppressed who accept the intellectual challenge to analyze the world for the purpose of changing it” mentioned James Cone. This paper looks at one of the prominent figures of Black Theology, James Cone and explores Black Liberation Theology. Black Theology is an off shout of Liberation Theology. Liberation Theology and Black Theology were mainly a response to the socio-political realities...
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Minjung theology deals with the central theme of theology, i.e. there are two separate opinions it is based off. According to Suh Namdong, minjung is the centre of focus rather than Jesus, whereas Ahn Byungmu claims that it focuses on both minjung and Jesus, as they are inseparable. The reasoning given was that Jesus was the medium used to understand the oppressed (Ochlos) rather than the oppressed used to explain Jesus instead. Jesus represented the oppressed and his priority was...
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INTRODUCTION Religion may not be easy to define, as it is defined differently for different people.it may be defined as the belief in and worship. Religion may also be used to justify class, gender and colonial forms of discrimination and exploitation. Religion may heal and also hurt people. Teaching and learning about different religions educate citizens to live in a multi-religious world and nation. JUDAISM Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people. It is an ancient monotheistic, Abrahamic religion...
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Introduction The dictionary’s definition of a wedding is “a marriage ceremony, especially considered as including the associated celebrations”. Marriage can be defined as the legal or formally recognized union of two people as partners in a personal relationship. Marriage has been around for centuries, in fact, the first recorded evidence of marriage ceremonies dates from about 2350 BC. Buddhism Brief background and core beliefs: Buddhism was founded in North-Eastern India by a Prince named Siddhartha, in the sixth century BC....
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Buddhism is forth most spread religion after Islam, Christianity, and Hinduism. It is also considered as the most tolerant religion because its teachings can be applied in any other religion. Buddhism, however, is not about religion, believing in Supreme God, but about “a way of living”. It was found in India by Siddhartha Gautama who is mainly known as Buddha. However, he is not God, he is just extraordinary man who achieved enlightenment. Buddhism is mainly spread in countries of...
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Introduction The Himalayan region, stretching across five countries—Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, and Pakistan—presents a unique tapestry of cultures that are both distinct and intertwined. This area is characterized by its diverse ethnic groups, languages, religions, and traditions, making it a fascinating subject for the study of cultural similarities and differences. The Himalayas have historically served as both a barrier and a bridge, influencing the cultural exchanges among the communities inhabiting its vast expanse. These interactions have resulted in shared cultural...
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From islamic perspective, happiness is express by the terms of saadah. The term saadah has a close relation to both the hereafter(ukhrawiyyah) and the present world(dunyawiyyah). In the case of the hereafter life (ukhrawiyyah), sa’adah indicates the meaning of an ultimate form of happiness which is everlasting contentment and bliss. This kind of happiness is a promise to those who in worldly life have submitted themselves sincerely to serve god by obeying His command and avoiding His prohibition. While the...
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'In The Name of Allah, we praise Him, and we seek His guidance in all matters” Shinto is the indigenous religion of Japan. It is a complicated belief system revolving around nature and focuses on supernatural gods or spirits called ‘Kami’. The natural force is seen as divine, that inspires and gives a feeling of admiration. This relation between Kami and the natural world has steered Shinto to be considered as pantheistic and animistic. There are many forms & levels...
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Introduction Islam, as one of the world's major religions, plays an influential role in shaping societal norms and cultural values, including those related to gender. The relationship between Islam and gender issues is a complex and multifaceted subject that invites diverse perspectives and interpretations. While some view Islam as a religion that promotes gender equality, others argue that certain interpretations and practices perpetuate gender inequality. This essay aims to explore the intricacies of gender dynamics within Islamic contexts, examining religious...
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Introduction Judaism and Islam, two of the world's prominent monotheistic religions, offer rich historical tapestries and complex theological frameworks that have shaped cultures and societies for centuries. Both religions trace their origins to the Abrahamic tradition, establishing a shared spiritual ancestry that underscores numerous theological and cultural parallels. Despite these similarities, each faith harbors unique doctrines and practices that underscore their distinct identities. Understanding the intricate relationship between Judaism and Islam requires a nuanced exploration of their shared ideals and...
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To a certain extent, there need not be strict homogeneity to maintain coherence within a religious tradition for the adherents to ‘live successfully in the modern world’. There is a diversity of expression within the widespread nature of Islam, but it is the principal beliefs in Tawhid (the oneness of Allah), Kutubu’llah (the books of Allah), Al Qadr (fate) as well as submission to Allah that denotes an adherents success of life. Sunni Imam Al-Shafi (767- 820 CE) identified that...
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Introduction In an increasingly interconnected world, the phenomenon of Islamophobia has emerged as a significant social issue. Characterized by prejudice, fear, or hatred towards Islam and Muslims, Islamophobia manifests in various forms, including discrimination, harassment, and violence. This essay seeks to explore the roots and ramifications of Islamophobia and its implications for Islamic communities globally. The term "Islamophobia" gained traction in the late 20th century, as societies grappled with the rise of extremist groups that erroneously claimed to represent Islam....
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All around the world, there are many misconceptions that non-Muslims have about Islam and Muslims. This project will be describing those misbeliefs and will be clarifying them. People’s views and opinions matter which should be clarified and should be given information to them that they do not think that way. One of the biggest misconceptions about Islam that people have is that Muslims are terrorists. That is not at all true as Islam is a religion of peace and tranquillity....
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This study are based on the writing article on the organizational citizenship behavior’s factors among the Malaysian bank employees. This study also show the moderating role of Islamic work ethic among those bank employees that have been practice by them. The data from the study of the article was collected from 192 employees at Islamic banks in Malaysia through a survey that have been done by the researcher. The tools that have been used to analyse the data was the...
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The word Hijrah in the Quran is used for making people realize the sense of departure, abandonment or boycott. This generally means the idea of leaving something behind, which can be physical or mentally., of an existing unwanted state for something better. The prophet’s migration to madinah played a huge role in uniting the faith of people of Islam. Hijrah moved the center stage of events from mecca and madinah and marked a turning point in the eventual success of...
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In the play Disgraced by Ayad Akhtar, he discusses the characters and their views on Islam and the bitterness and gratification that lies within Amir, giving us an insider of his life. Amir has heavily neglected Islam and portraits it has a pessimistic religion because of how Islam is quickly linked to radicalism and terror, due to that, he encounters with racism and oppression throughout his day to day life because of his Pakistani descent, which causes him to refine...
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Religion has always been a huge part of our society as it gives people an identity, purpose and brings people together. The second-largest religion with over 1.9 billion followers (24.4%) of the world's population is the Islam religion, the people most commonly known as Muslims. The word “Islam” means “submission to the will of God.” Muslims worship one, all-knowing God, which in Arabic is known as Allah. Muslims aim to live a life of complete submission to Allah. Allah is...
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Discrimination and prejudice is a reaccuromg issue within the modern world, showing a predominant effect on the Islamic culture. Ethical views are diminished when citizens begin to experience Islamophobia. It does not only effect the day to day life of Muslims and people of the Islam faith but will subsequently cause detrimental effects to their mental health and stability. Awareness amongst the issue has yet to cause prominent changes but is slowly helping the change.When discussing the phobia it is...
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The Middle East is home to some of the world's oldest religions that fall under what we call ‘Abrahimic traditions’. We know these religions as Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Although Islam is the youngest religion of the three, it is the most prevalent within Israel. Islam originated in Mecca around the 7th century CE, roughly about 600 years after the creation of Christianity, but remains the center of the Middle East. Islam is a monotheistic faith, teaching that there is...
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The aim of Islam is to submit to Allah in every way of life. So, Islam guides and teaches us righteousness even in the minute matters of life. When it comes to an important matter like war, rules and etiquettes are laid down in the Quran as well as practiced and displayed by prophet Mohammed(saw) and the pious Caliphs which convey very strong Humanitarian considerations [3]. The very first caliph Abu Bakr (RA) laid a ten principles to his first...
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In the name of Allah, All praise is due to Allah Society before Islam was in a state of major ‘jahiliyyah’. Civilization lost touch with the true message of their previous Prophets, and fell at the whims of paganism. Preislamic arabia was a pagan civilization with corruption across the land, yet surrounding territories were far more lost in their ignorance. From the Romans and the Greeks to the Persians, Indians, and Chinese, society was engulfed in the darkness of polytheism....
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Muhammad is one of the most regarded and influential men while talking about the Islam religion and how it initially started. He is known as the originator of Islam. He has added to the development of Islam and Mecca in different ways. Muhammad interfaces and contributes as a strict, social and political pioneer while additionally partaking in the uncommon job as the Prophet who was sent to introduce and affirm the monotheistic lessons that have been drilled by Adam, Moses,...
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Introduction The role and status of women have varied significantly across different civilizations and historical periods. In the pre-Islamic era, women's conditions varied greatly among the Arab, Persian (Iran), Indian, and Roman societies. Although these societies shared certain patriarchal characteristics, the nuances of women's experiences were influenced by local customs, laws, and cultural beliefs. This essay explores the socio-political and economic circumstances of women before the advent of Islam in these regions, offering insights into their roles, rights, and limitations....
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Astrology’s history dates back to one of an ancient era of the 3rd Millennium B.C when Greek philosophers observed a connection of the celestial bodies with the calendrical system that was, in fact, a way to form a prediction of the seasons and the seasonal cycles. These predictions of the seasons have now formed the yearly calendars that are present at our homes today. Meaning astrology is focused on the relative particular movements observed from these celestial bodies in the...
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The religion of Islam represents peace and submission, but why is that the religion of Islam is looked at as a threat? The actions of terrorist groups who claim to be practicing the religion have put a negative image on Muslims, and because of this image, the idea of Islamophobia has become a hot topic. This idea of Islamophobia has occurred due to misinterpretation and lack of knowledge of the religion Islam. The terrorist groups that identify as Muslims have...
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The world in which we live deems the Islamic faith as one associated with terrorism. Just the other day, my friend and I were doing homework in the library. He asked me what assignment I was working on due to my excitable and aggressive typing, I excitedly answered, “a theology assignment, I have to write about Islam”, to which he responded, “Oh, you mean the religion with the terrorists”. I asked him what he knew about the faith, he had...
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Introduction Islam's introduction to South-East Asia represents a significant cultural and religious transformation with ripple effects across various societal facets. Originating from the Arabian Peninsula, Islam expanded through trade routes and missionary activities, reaching regions such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and the southern Philippines by the 13th century. This expansion was not merely a religious imposition but a fusion of cultural practices and beliefs, leading to a distinctive form of Islam that is deeply embedded in the socio-political and cultural landscapes...
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