The National Curriculum specifies that in upper KS2 - years 5 & 6, pupils should be introduced to the language of algebra as a means for solving a variety of problems, before becoming an intrinsic part of mathematics at KS3. In the year 4 programme of study, pupils should be able to read Roman numerals from 1 to 100 and up to 1000 in year 5. With 'x' being the most commonly used variable in algebra, this is likely to...
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A forest is a unit of multilayered vegetation that is dominated by trees. Around 4.03 billion hectares, which equates to approximately 30% of earths land area is covered by forests. Forests hold great importance as they provide a wide range of ecosystem services such as conserving flora and fauna, preventing soil erosion and regulating climate. Birds have been associated with forests since they first came into existence. Birds are highly interactive members in the forest ecosystem and share a mutualistic...
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Emperor Penguins have to survive in some of the harshest weather conditions in the world (as low as -40°Cand 200 km/h winds). They have a set of features that help them adapt to this. These penguins have large reserves of sub-dermal body fat to insulate them. They have many layers of stiff short scale-like-feathers which are very hard to ruffle. To reduce heat loss, the feathers are held erect by muscles while the penguin is on land which traps a...
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Now a day, electricity became an essential part of living. Electricity is taking over the world. Technology and civilization are based on electricity, and the world is using many ways to generate electricity and looking forward for new ways of generating it. Electricity is basically everything around us, and it can be classified under the basic parts of nature and the wide uses of energy. Electromagnet and Hydroelectricity are the most common methods of generating electricity. Electromagnet is a form...
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Since the ancient days, there have been many scientists with important works and ideas that changed the world. Many were curious and tried to understand the origin of species, how they came to be, and how they changed over time. One of those scientists was Charles Darwin, who is well known as the “father of evolution”. Being born in England, the young child was affected by the changing society where he lived. Most people were unsuspecting of the nature of...
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For the better part of my life, I have found great interest in nature and the unique occurrences within our environment such as the beautiful tiger stripes,flower petals which are delicately set, among others.Recently however,it dawned on me that It is onIy when we take time to analyze all components of our environment that we will vividly understand the extent to which Math is connected to important aspect in our lives as it plays a huge role in making up...
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Biology • Quantitative research is important in cell biology. It is use to make accurate measurements to test a hypothesis in order to compare experimental data with predictions generated by theoretical models. • Using quantitative research in biology had often revealed counterintuitive phenomena and insights while at the same time leading to novel research directions. This is of particular importance today, as experiments are becoming increasingly expensive and are rapidly accumulating vast amounts of data. • With our world facing...
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Introduction The Mesozoic era, often referred to as the "Age of Dinosaurs," witnessed the proliferation of these magnificent creatures across the globe. Dinosaurs, a diverse group of reptiles, roamed the Earth for over 160 million years, adapting to various ecological niches. This essay aims to explore the intricacies of three distinct types of dinosaurs: Theropods, Sauropodomorphs, and Ornithischians. Each type showcased unique evolutionary adaptations that allowed them to dominate terrestrial ecosystems. By examining their anatomical features, ecological roles, and evolutionary...
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Introduction Electricity conservation has emerged as a pivotal topic in contemporary discourse, given the escalating demand for energy and the environmental impacts of energy production. It is widely acknowledged that electricity plays an indispensable role in modern society, powering everything from homes to industries. However, this reliance on electricity has led to increased consumption, often resulting in significant environmental degradation and resource depletion. The concept of electricity conservation encompasses a wide array of strategies aimed at reducing energy usage while...
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Stephen Hawking is a well known,well respected and an inspirational scientist, who many look up to. He was revolutionary in many fields of science and has a long lasting legacy. But what’s really behind this genius, how did he survive motor neurone disease for so long and how many flaws did he really have Stephen Hawking was born on the 8th of January 1942, in Oxford, England, to loving parents, Isobel and Frank Hawking. His birthday was no big occasion,...
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The Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor) native to Tasmania Australia, is the quickest parrot on the planet, however, now being critically endangered is on a fast decline to extinction. According to a ‘Conservation Volunteers Australia’ webpage, there are just approximately 2000 Swift Parrots left in the wild. The Swift Parrot travels across over Bass Strait to the Australian Mainland to collect food and nutrients in open eucalypt and box-ironbark backwoods every, prior year coming back to Tasmania to breed in the...
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As scientists, mathematicians and other incredibly smart people started looking up at the night sky, they wondered - why is the universe of the shape that it is? What gives solar systems and galaxies their form, why don’t they just scatter and fly away? These questions came up as soon as the scientists at NASA started measuring the gravitational impact of all of the objects in our galaxy, and something didn’t quite add up: the total amount of mass and...
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Introduction Do you ever wonder in one thousand years what will be happening? Like would we be living on the moon. Imagine you floating jumping and having fun. You would be thrown around with no gravity because you would weigh nothing. That may not happen, but did you know without gravity none of that would happen. This essay will show you how Nasa is trying to manipulate gravity, what gravity does to space and the most important people who studied...
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It might sound weird, but I don’t mind having my hands full of grease and lube. To some people, even the idea of it might be reluctant, but I believe it’s essential to make gears spin and engage within each other. Similarly, I believe Mechanical Engineering is the base of the community where we live as it helps us engage with our surroundings more smoothly. My passion for the subject was born thanks to the TV show “MythBusters”, a program...
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Mathematical models are tools we can use to replicate real-world situations, solve problems, analyse behaviour and predict future behaviour in real-world scenarios using mathematical concepts and language. The most common form of mathematical modelling are equations, formula used to solve the area of a sand box problem is an example of a mathematical model; we transform a mathematical problem into a modelling problem. Models help to explain a system and examine the effects of various components and make predictions about...
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“We are not some casual and meaningless product of evolution. Each of us is the result of a thought of God.” – (Pope Benedict XVI April 2005) this quote expresses the Catholic church's beliefs of people’s lives and clearly shows an example of where the Catholic Church stood during the Holocaust. Hitler's way of “purifying Germany” was seen as a horrific and tragic period of time in this worlds history it was also referred to as an “Hour of darkness”,...
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During the Age of Exploration, many explorers set out on expeditions to search for land for each of their investors. One explorer that is commonly known as the famous Italian explorer named Christopher Columbus. Christopher Columbus wrote “The Journal of the First Voyage to America” to attempt to convince the Spanish Monarchy to subsidize his voyages to scour for the new world. On Columbus’ first journey he comes across a small island, which he named San Salvador. In his journal,...
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The Aztec empire was one of the most prominent empires of this time. The Aztecs commonly referred to as the Mexicas, adopted cultures and traditions from earlier peoples, while at the same time developing their own, unique society. They are believed to have originated from Nahuatl-speaking people that migrated south to what is now known as northern Mexico. There, they built the magnificent cities of Tlatelolco and Tenochtitlán, which eventually grew into two of the largest cities at that time....
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Winston Churchill and Adolf Hitler were two of the biggest leaders during the Second World War. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill is best known for undertaking the role of Prime minister in the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and from 1951 to 1955. Born on November 30, 1874, in Blenheim Palace, Woodstock, England to parents Lord Randolph Churchill and Jeanette Jerome. Churchill was a somewhat rebellious child who as a result performed poorly at his first two schools. He then...
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Spartan’s government has been labeled as having a “mixed constitution.” This is because its government is a combination of elements of monarchy, democracy, and oligarchy. An element of monarchy that is evident in Sparta's government is having two hereditary kings. The kings had religious roles such as being recognized as priests of Zeus, military roles including having one of the kings leading the army in battle whilst the other remained in Sparta, and limited judicial roles such as being held...
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The Victorian era witnessed a snowballing rise in population. This unpredictable phenomenon was unique down the corridors of British history. Britain was sailing through a new technological revolution with novel scientific discoveries. They proved a good omen for the society and it became more civic and learned. Disraeli popularized the phrase 'the workshop of the world' to denote Great Britain at that juncture of history. There were myriad reasons that added to Britain’s flourishing population in the 19th century. One...
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The article “The Trial of Anne Hutchinson” will be critically analyzed by looking into the author’s focal points. This describes the various pieces of evidence that were used by the author to justify how Hutchinson’s trial has turned into a critical event in American history as it represents the lack of religious tolerance that existed in the country during the 1600s. The political and religious environment during that period was expounded to understand the decisions that led to the trial...
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Tubman's and Josiah's story in the underground Railroad provides a contradictory perception that tends to depict a little coincidence with a more significant potential of emerging differences. In the beginning, it is mandatory to acknowledge that the term underground Railroad was symbolically used to indicate the overall network of outflow rates for the slaves, who extended their stay beyond their southern territories to the northern borders. The study aims at evaluating how the slave laws were fugitively enacted and how...
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A genetic disease is typically an illness that rises due to the deformity of the genetic makeup of a person. Genetic disorders may occur in a single-gene, chromosomal or complex disorders. Obesity is one of these diseases that is caused by genetic disorders. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 8.5 percent of individuals who were above 18 years had diabetes in 2014. Additionally, in 2016, diabetes caused more than 1.6 million deaths and further triggered other diseases such as...
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INTRODUCTION The study and research of biomedical science involves uncovering the secrets of the human body whilst developing an understanding of disease, diagnosis, and treatment (Heitman, E. 2000). This means biomedical scientists must not only understand how to treat a disease, but must understand what caused that disease, how that disease can be identified and differentiated from other diseases, how that disease interacts with the body, and how we can use this information to make useful predictions to prevent the...
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Biology, derived from the Greek words, ‘bios’ translating to ‘life’, and ‘logos’ denoting a subject of study, is defined as the study of living organisms, for example humans. The rapidly expanding human population is faced with multiple complex and severe problems, such as diseases, which could be argued to be the biggest risk to the integrity of civilisation. Diseases can affect one’s life directly, for instance Tuberculosis, and indirectly, such as Stem Rust, which affects staple food. This essay will...
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This fact happens over a long period of time when religions seemed to have no relevance in international relations. It is not, however, a return of the spiritual phenomenon but of religion as a political instrument. The mosaic of religions is very wide, especially if we add the huge number of movements and confessions, frequently divided and subdivided. The curious thing is that the three great monotheistic religions share common elements that instead of uniting them confronts them due to...
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Women are always defined as creatures with unique traits, soft and full of emotions. Strong but might still need help at one time; a woman. The culture of respecting women has been introduced a long time ago and still be practiced until today shows how humans acknowledge each other without validating one through their characteristics and features. It is also being taught in the religion including Islam to be thoughtful to others. In fact, Islam prioritises women and their special...
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The starting point to one of the most successful religions took place in an arid desert with scorching hot temperatures. This peninsula, in the Middle East, known as Arabia was located between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. This desert is where a prophet would emerge and create an everlasting impact on a civilization known as Islam. Through multiple conquests Islam spread like wildfire throughout parts of Asia, Africa and Europe, changing their government, religion, culture, economics, and military...
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Introduction The historical narrative of Islam is replete with instances of both revolutionary upheaval and methodical reformation. These two dynamics—revolution and reformation—have been instrumental in shaping Islamic societies across different epochs. Understanding these elements requires a nuanced analysis of how they have influenced social, political, and theological landscapes. While revolutions in Islam are often characterized by swift and radical changes, aiming to overhaul existing structures, reformations are more gradual, seeking to rectify and improve established norms and practices. The interplay...
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