Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the number one cause of death globally. An estimated 17.9 million people died from cardiovascular diseases in 2016, representing 31% of all global deaths. Pakistan is there in the list of developing countries of the world and the contribution cardiovascular disease (CVD) of developing countries to the global weight of CVD is more than 80 %....
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Swine flu is an acute respiratory tract infection caused by influenza A H1N1 which is characterized by chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness/fatigue, and general discomfort. In more serious cases, influenza causes pneumonia, which can be fatal, particularly in the elderly and patients with pre-existing illnesses [1]. Influenza spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics, resulting...
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Abstract Background: Tobacco kills over 1 million people annually in India. Tobacco is consumed in various forms across all age groups, gender, and geographic area. To tackle this major public health issue various tobacco prevention and cessation policies and interventions are introduced and implemented by the government. Aim: The objective of this review is to analyze the success of different...
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Abstract: Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterium that is found in the human digestive system. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a gram-positive coccus-shaped bacterium commonly found on the human skin. In this study, we looked at the metabolism and physiology of both organisms on differential and selective media. Bacteria were grown and observed on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA), Phenylethyl Agar (PEA), Mannitol...
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Health Issue Before Malawi gained independence in 1964, it was colonized under Great Britain as a British protectorate called Nyasaland in 1907. In the 1950s, neighboring Rhodesia and Northern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe and Zambia, respectively, had a much larger European population that was in favor of merging the three nations into one. Nyasaland resisted this union due to the higher...
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Abstract Multidrug-resistant-ESBL-producing E. coli are on high emergence in UTIs and other infections. Such E. coli are big challenge and responsible for serious threats to healthcare professionals, treatment failures, increased morbidity and mortality, and render beta-lactam antibiotics ineffective. A total of 9391 uropathogenic E. coli (non-repetitive) were isolated and identified on the basis of standard biochemical reactions. The antibiotic susceptibility...
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Background: Children are the group age malaria which affects lymphocyte levels and decreases in hemoglobin as measured by the erythrocyte index. Objective: To find out the effectiveness of multivitamins on the biochemical nutritional status of malaria sufferers in Sanggeng Health Center, Manokwari Regency. Research Methods: The experiment with two group case-control. The population was 61 children with malaria and a...
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Abstract: Tonsillitis is a very widespread condition in young children. Recurrent tonsillitis has been the subject of frequent investigations. Mechanisms by which some patients develop recurring tonsillitis is still unclear. Some studies showed that tonsils and adenoids may act as a reservoir for some herpes viruses including EBV and HSV-1. The aim of this study is to verify whether tonsils...
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We all love to eat, in fact, it’s essential for us to eat. However, most people don’t actually seem to care about the amount they are taking into their bodies until it’s affecting them in a way they a not fond of. For example, you may be asking yourself why is so and so not getting fat and I am...
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Introduction Pollen allergies, commonly referred to as hay fever or allergic rhinitis, represent a significant public health challenge due to their widespread prevalence and impact on quality of life. These allergic reactions are triggered by the immune system's response to pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds, causing symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. According to the World Health...
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List of abbreviations Cardiovascular disease (CVD) transient ischemic attack (TIA) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), World Health Organization (WHO) World Heart Federation (WHF) Background Why did I take this up for a detailed study? First of all, atherosclerosis is one of my favourite topics in cardiovascular system that we learned. It is one of the topics that I am...
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E. coli Commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Escherichia (Tenaillon et al. 2010).. It is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms (Secher T 2016). E. coli is an extremely diverse bacterial species which forms part of the gut microbiome, a term which describes the ecological community of commensal,...
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Discussion In the present study, we investigated the effects of lifelong, moderate-intensity exercise on blood metabolites through an NMR-based metabolomics approach. By comparing a lifelong exercise group, two long-term exercise groups, and a group that did not exercise, we found that moderate-intensity exercise has a strong effect on the blood metabolome up until midlife. From midlife to elderhood, the effect...
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Abstract: This paper presents the Chicken Swarm Optimization algorithm for feature selection, which can be used for the prediction of cervical cancer. Cervical Cancer is the type of cancer that occurs at the cells of the cervix – the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Various strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection,...
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Abstract Femur, also called thighbone or hind leg in human body supports the maximum weight of the body under loading conditions. In this present work, the fractured femur bone is reconstructed using DICOM files obtained from Computed Tomography scan images using software’s 3D slicer and blender. In accordance with the crack, prosthetic plate was modeled in Unigraphics NX 11.0 version....
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Abstract This study looks to gain a better understanding of the Black Deaf community by examining their history, culture, and social experiences. Black Deaf history has been neglected for decades and it still is to this day. While there have been a diverse number of books, research studies, films, and articles on Deaf life, hardly any have focused on the...
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Introduction to public health assignment Background According to the WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (WHO), the world is facing many global threats or challenges which range from the outbreak of diseases, environmental effects like global warming which lead to climate change as well as non-communicable diseases like obesity and cancer. Our group will focus on one of this threats namely cervical cancer...
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Introduction Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, has been historically accountable for greater than 200 million deaths throughout three pandemics. Zoonotic maintenance of plague occurs through the ability of it propagation and circulation amongst rodent reservoir hosts and flea vectors. Upon consumption of an infected mammalian blood meal by a naïve flea, Y. pestis proliferates in the flea midgut....
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Introduction Plants play a huge role such as supply food to nearly all terrestrial organisms in the function of the world and in everyday life. Just like humans need vitamin supplements for them to increase their productivity so many do believe that plants need the same as they are living organisms. Vitamins have many benefits in them that advance processes....
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Introduction The knee joint, a pivotal point in human mobility, is often subjected to various injuries, with meniscus tears being notably prevalent. Traumatic meniscus tears, resulting from acute injury, are distinct from degenerative tears that occur due to aging. These tears pose significant challenges in orthopedic medicine, impacting athletes and older adults alike. Menisci, the crescent-shaped cartilages, act as shock...
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New Zealand rivers – not so clean after all Background Tourism plays a big part in New Zealand’s export being a crucial part of the New Zealand economy. It is important for New Zealand to maintain a “100% pure” image as the Tourism New Zealand advert suggests. This is because countries are likely to purchase NZ exports if they think...
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Abstract Development of higher order thinking skills in inclusive classroom through Socratic method Developing higher-order thinking skills in any classroom is crucial to the success of the students in that classroom. Students need to learn these skills at an early age to be academically and professionally successful in the future. In an inclusion classroom, these skills are even more important...
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Abstract Herpes Simplex Viruses is a model Herpesvirus, of which eight afflict humans. Herpes Simplex Virus enters the host cell by the sequential conformation changes and activations in gD, gH and gL, culminating with gB, the fusion protein. While there are several structures for HSV gB in post fusion conformation up until recently there has been no high-resolution structures of...
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Abstract: Introduction The research has been introduced on the selected research area which depicts about prevalence of chewing tobacco in the district of Vadodara, Gujarat. Here identification of the research are maintained from different literature sources. Alongside, the research will appropriately follow the method of Questionnaire and cross-sectional survey. Thus, primary data will be collected based on certain demographic trends...
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Introduction Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that affects 0.5-1% of the population and is associated with significant morbidity, disability, and costs for society(1). Atherosclerotic disease in both its subclinical and clinically established phases is widely prevalent throughout the world. Disease progression can eventually lead to the occurrence of acute cardiovascular events (CVE), such as myocardial infarction, unstable angina...
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Potential therapies for promoting plaque regression Various targets have been proposed to induce plaque regression or slow down the atherosclerosis process. Some potential therapeutic targets are discussed in the following paragraphs within the idea of plaque regression (Table 2). Evidence of plaque regression The plaque regression concept was evidenced earlier from animal studies 101 and from patients undergoing medical therapy...
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Discuss the relevance of psychological interventions in pain management. In this essay, I am hoping to discuss the relevance of psychological interventions in pain management and how these interventions work and help in the management and treatment of chronic pain if they do at all. I will investigate the various types of psychological interventions and how they contribute to a...
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Executive Summary Problem Statement Despite improvements following the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the state of Mississippi has among the high rates of uninsured along with some of the poorest maternal and infant health outcomes in the country. Under the ACA, pregnant women with incomes of 138% of the Federal Poverty Level are eligible for Medicaid coverage of...
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Question 1 Discuss and describe osmolarity as a measurement for dry eye diagnosis. Tears play important roles in protection and maintenance of the eye. It provides protection by preventing infection, allowing for gaseous and nutrient exchange, and lubricating the ocular surface. They also serve to maintain ocular surface tissue metabolism, provide a surface smooth enough to enhance refraction of light,...
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Abstract Aspirin, a medicine that dates back to the times of ancient Sumeria and Egypt, has played a vital role in helping with inflammation and pain. Felix Hoffman is responsible for what we know aspirin is today. At first, it was salicylic acid, and it was too harsh on the stomach to be taken. Felix modified the hydroxy group and...
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