Less than a decade after Lance Armstrong’s heroic win of the 7th consecutive Tour de France races, his name became synonymous with cheating as he was stripped of his titles after evidence surfaced that he had been using performance-enhancing drugs. Yet Armstrong is not an anomaly. For more than three decades now, the use of steroids by professional athletes has...
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In his brilliant and award-winning, yet slightly disturbing and controversial novel “Stuck in Neutral”, Terry Trueman narrates the fictional story of Shawn McDaniel, a fourteen-year-old boy with Cerebral Palsy. Shawn, self-portrayed as happy and more intelligent than most, is robbed of his ability to control his muscles, suffers from frequent seizures, and is viewed by others as retarded. This leaves...
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Popeye domain-containing (POPDC) proteins are effector proteins that bind to cAMP to create a second messenger response that can influence the behaviour of cancer cells (Amunjela & Tucker, 2016). There are three different genes POPDC1, POPDC2 and POPDC3 that encode these proteins, however only POPDC1 and POPDC3 have been related to cancer cell behaviour. POPDC1 and POPDC3 are organised in...
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Summary Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide with myocardial infarction being the frontrunner for morbidity and mortality. Although medical and surgical treatments currently can significantly improve patient outcomes there exists no treatment that can generate new cardiac tissue or reverse the damage caused by cardiovascular disease. With new research being available that challenges the idea that myocytes...
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Introduction The Covid-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges across the globe, impacting various facets of life, from healthcare systems to economic stability and social dynamics. The rapid spread of the virus necessitated swift action, revealing vulnerabilities in global preparedness and response mechanisms. This essay examines the multifaceted challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic, highlighting the strains on healthcare systems, the...
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Crush injury is the damage of muscles, blood vessels, and other internal structures resulting from excessive pressure to an area causing local ischemia. Vehicular collisions, industrial incidents, natural disasters, particularly earthquakes or where buildings have collapsed due to bombing are among some of the typical cases in crush injuries. Crush syndrome, also known as traumatic rhabdomyolysis is a systemic manifestation...
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Health Issue High levels of stress and insufficient sleep can affect a student's physical health, emotional well-being, and academic success. Stress and inadequate sleep are major obstacles to academic success for undergraduate students (Hales & Hales 2016). Short-term effects of sleep deprivation include decreased cognitive function, memory, performance, and attention (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2019). Minimizing stressors and supporting healthy coping...
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In this short essay I will explain the reasoning for why compassion is the most important attribute for any new student midwife to display. Compassion is a feeling of pity and distress of someone less fortunate or suffering, this will include the desire to help and alleviate it (Collins Online Dictionary, 2020). The foundation for all care guidelines for a...
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Performance Enhancing Drugs (PEDs) are usually perceived to be dangerous and unfair to other participants in all sports. Whenever PEDs are referred to, they are often seen in a negative light due to social stigmas. People tend to also disregard dangers within a sport that are completely unrelated to drug use such as concussions and focus entirely on keeping sport...
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Alliance 8.7 published the Global Estimates of Modern Slavery in 2017 in which it confirmed there to be approximately 40,000,000 people who were believed to be affected by modern slavery in 2016. There is currently thought to be 152 ,000,000 children suffering from exploitation. Modern slavery is the term referred to when discussing exploitation whereby the victim is unable to...
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Generally, parents play an important role in any child's life until they reach adulthood. However, when it comes to the kids diagnosed with Autism, in this scenario, the parents' role becomes more crucial. To support their child to cope with the disorder. Parents have to play different roles like a teacher, therapist, and so on. In the process, parents may...
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Before the pandemic, life was advancing and moving on faster than ever. There was a time and place for everything whether it was attending university lectures or visiting placement. Now that the pandemic has arrived, life changed drastically and it became limiting. Everything outside our homes came to a stand-still and it has completely changed the way society will now...
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Over the last few weeks, we have all been trying to find the positive side to the pandemic; academics and leaders have also joined this trend in an effort to provide us all with inspiration and positivity. For example, Marc Andreessen an entrepreneur, investor, and software engineer advocates for building something — anything — that moves society forward from here....
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Introduction This report will be discussing eczema in children, specifically causes and treatment of eczema. According to James McIntosh (2017) eczema is defined as a condition where the skin becomes inflamed, flaky and red causing the child to be itchy and can sometimes result in bleeding. The main aim of this report is to determine whether eczema can affect a...
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Speech and language therapy is recommended for anybody who has problems with their speech and/ or communication, perhaps due to a developmental or neurological disorder. Conditions which usually affect speech include developmental disorders like autism which can cause problems with social skills and the use of additional communicative techniques such as facial expressions and body language, leading to a lack...
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A warmup is essential as it prepares a dancer’s body for physical activity. As well as preparing muscles and joints for dance, there are also other benefits which help to ensure the safe practice of dance. An effective warmup will prepare the body and mind for the coordination and strength needed for complex, technical movements. Also, by doing a warmup...
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Enterococci are facultative anaerobic and Gram-positive bacteria often forming normal fecal flora of humans. However, these bacteria are increasingly appearing as primary pathogens among patients with compromised immune systems (Hemalatha, Bhaskaran, Sowmiya, & Anusheela Howlader, 2017). This manifestation is believed to be due to its resistance to various antibiotics along with its ability to form biofilms and acquiring some virulence...
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In cancer research, viability tests are immensely significant. These tests are used to observe the characteristics of different kinds of cancer. In drug development, viability of hostile cells are tested against chemical substances to evaluate the potential of those substances in pharmaceutical use. Additionally, the adequate dosage for those drugs are also studied in vitro. Established in 1977 from a...
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As a result of many athletes spending hours engaging in rigorous training programmes and competitions, the prevalence of sporting injuries has increased (Kraus & Conroy, 1984). Regardless of their level of involvement, a vast majority of athletes will experience an injury that will keep them away from their sport for an unwanted period of time, it is an evitable risk...
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Before the 1990s, FVIII was obtained from whole blood donations (Figure 1), then transfused into haemophilia patients. Blood transfusions began in 1818 when James Blundell, an English physician, performed a human-to-human blood transfusion. Although the patient subsequently died, Blundell was committed to achieving a successful blood transfusion. Throughout the early 1800s, he experimented with a series of patients, of which,...
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Injury prevention and Safe practice are two vital instruments dancers and musical theatre performers should prioritise in their daily lives as they have direct benefits to the longevity of a dancers career, without these two tools their careers could end before they reach their 30’s or even mid 20’s. Injury prevention has two essential categories: internal and external. Internal injury...
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Youth drug usage High school drug usage has affected the youth throughout history. Through analyzing what type of drug usage high schoolers today are using, and the lasting effects it has on their bodies, astonishing statistics support the popularity of alcohol, marijuana and nicotine usage in today’s youth. Through awareness via mental health focused classes, educating our youth beginning at...
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Hans Christian Andersen said “When words fail, music speaks”. Our world is full of choices. Parents world-wide are bombarded with these choices to help their child in the best way they can with the current information available, but despite our efforts the National Center for PTSD still reports about seven or eight out of every 100 people will likely have...
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Introduction Organs and structures in the respiratory system are very important for life because they make it possible for gases that are needed for cellular processes to move between cells. Carbon dioxide, a waste result of metabolism, is pushed out of the body by this complex system. Oxygen from the air we breathe is efficiently absorbed into the bloodstream. The...
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Music is all around the world and is a major part of all cultures. It has been around since the beginning of time and it is something every human being can experience on a deep level, bringing forth emotions or memories. Music therapy developed from this connection between emotion and music as a method to support mental health and it...
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Drug addiction is taking over many people's lives and destroying many families due to this. There are many different ways to help people who are in need of help, people who want to stop drugging themselves but can't because they have no type of help and are too addicted already. There are many different ways to get over the counter...
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“Music Therapy” is a well known technology that impacts many lives nowadays. Musical therapy is a type of therapy which is proven to work after conducted research which you may also call “ Clinical evidence-based therapy”. The creator of music therapy was E. Theyar Gaston and found in the year 1789 while it appeared in an article Columbian Magazine which...
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Sickle Cell Anaemia is an autosomal recessive disorder which is passed through generations; meaning it is a hereditary disease. To inherit Sickle Cell Anaemia an individual must receive a mutated gene from both their paternal and maternal side. Those who only receive one mutated gene are said to be carriers of the disease but are not affected. Sickle Cell Anaemia...
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What is sickle-cell anaemia Sickle-cell anaemia is a hereditary, homozygous, genetic blood disorder that occurs within a person who has abnormal haemoglobin on their red blood cells. The Haemoglobin are sensitive to low amounts of oxygen in the body which makes them transform into sickle or crescent shapes. This causes the abnormal haemoglobin to become stiff and sticky blocking blood...
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Lower respiratory infections include pneumonia (infection of the lung alveoli), as well as infections affecting the airways such as acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis, influenza and whooping cough. They are a leading cause of illness and death in children and adults across the world (European Lung Foundation). History of disease Lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and...
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