Abstract Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are molecules involved in the defense mechanisms of a broad range of organisms that are evolutionarily conserved. Produced in bacteria, insects, plants, and vertebrate animals, AMPs protect against a wide range of infectious agents. Those peptides guard against microbes, viruses, fungi, and other parasites in mammals. Novel biological effects of AMPs such as endotoxin neutralization, chemotactic...

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Genetic variation refers to the differences in the genes that define the physical characteristics of an individual and often may occur due to several factors such as when there are mixed racial marriages, as well as random fertilization taking place between people. It may also occur due to chemical changes in the body of parents which is seen in the...

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Belle Boggs, he author of ‘The Art of Waiting: On Fertility, Medicine and Motherhood, in an article published in December 2013 , in Orion, draws on some remarkable scenes from Rebecca Skloot’s 2010 work of science journalism, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. After pursuing the Lacks family for a year, Skloot finally gets an opportunity to meet the Lawrence...

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Introduction As the name suggests, polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a condition characterized by the formation and growth of cysts in the kidney. This disease is a genetic disorder with two different types. The first is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and is the more common of the two. The second type is autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD),...

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Literature driven synthesis In everyone’s body there is an internal clock that releases chemicals in a daily rhythm. This is otherwise known as a circadian rhythm. The suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus of the brain is suggested as where this circadian rhythm is controlled (Beersma & Gordijn, 2007). The circadian cycle also controls basic components of exercise. These components include...

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The human mind is a complex phenomenon, which continues to be investigated through neuroscience in great detail (Bassett & Gazzaniga, 2011). The structure of the brain is an intricate temporal and spatial multiscale, which composes molecular, cellular and neural phenomena, which together produce the physical and biological base for cognition (Bassett & Gazzaniga, 2011). Furthermore, each structure is organized into...

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Who would thought something as simple as blood could change a story drastically . Throughout the story blood symbolized, corruption, greed, and ultimately guilt. The two central characters, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, in the play Macbeth is heavily affected by Lady Macbeth’s wickedness. Lady Macbeth designs a successful manipulative plan to have her husband kill king Duncan of Scotland, she...

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Introduction The reactions occurring in a living organism are classified as metabolism, it sums up all the chemical reactions occurring in a living thing. Organism rely on metabolism, and ambient temperature can have significant effects on the metabolism of the organism. There is also an inverse relationship between an organism's rate of metabolism and their size. This is because the...

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Chronic Kidney Disease Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition where the kidneys lose their function over a period of time. This disease is also known as chronic renal disease. If it develops and takes place in a host's body, it may result to kidney failure due to no treatment, which later would need immediate dialysis or a transplant, as...

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Cellular respiration is a process by which glucose is broken down in a complicated four step process to produce energy for cellular functions. Cellular respiration is vital for survival as it produces ATP which powers nearly all activities of all cells. Cellular respiration can be defined as “chemical mechanisms by which the cell converts the bound, radiant energy of the...

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Introduction Cellular energetics are types of ways in which cells, whether eukaryotes or prokaryotes, obtain energy to drive functions in a cell. Cellular respiration is one type, for eukaryotes, that uses reactants like sugar, such as glucose, and oxygen to create products of carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP (Urry et al 2020). The purpose of...

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ABSTRACT This experiment examined how much O2 was consumed by germinated pea seeds and Zophobus morio Larvae under different temperature conditions. Four different temperature conditions were tested. Those temperature conditions were at 10 degrees Celsius, 20 degrees Celsius, 30 degrees Celsius, and 40 degrees Celsius. An oxygen sensor and a data logger were used to measure this consumption. The germinated...

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In relation to Michael Sandel’s Justice, Jeremy Bentham’s theory draws a fine line between the decision on whether to vaccinate or not to vaccinate. According to Bentham, utilitarianism is defined as “maximizing the happiness of the community as a whole” (Sandel 34). In relation to Biss’ argument, although being vaccinated results in this “euphoria” that consists of happiness, pleasure, and...

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In this essay I will discuss the relationship between pain tolerance and humour. According to Woodrow, Friedman, Sieglaub, and Collen (1972), Pain tolerance can be defined as the level at which an individual can withstand pain. I will look into whether humour has a direct influence on pain tolerance, or whether in studies on the relationship between humour and pain...

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Introduction Pain tolerance, the maximum level of pain a person can endure, varies widely among individuals. This variance is influenced by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. Understanding pain tolerance is crucial for medical professionals, as it affects patient care and treatment outcomes. The subjective nature of pain makes it a challenging phenomenon to measure and analyze....

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INTRODUCTTION Cellular respiration is the food molecules or organic molecules are broken down to harvest chemical energy which is them stored in the chemical bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and all organism need energy to survive and continue their live .There are also occurs in three stages which are glycolysis, Krebs cycle and electron transport. Glycolysis is breakdown of 1...

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The Role of the Kidney in Drug Elimination Recent advances in the identification and characterization of renal drug transporters and drug‐metabolizing enzymes has led to greater understanding of their roles in drug and chemical elimination and in modulation of the intrarenal exposure and response to drugs, nephrotoxic compounds, and physiological mediators. Furthermore, there is increasing awareness of the potential importance...

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ABSTRACT The seminar titled “ANDROID APP FOR BLOOD BANK” acts as an important role in saving life of human beings , which is its main aim. This project is developed, so that users of the app can view the information about registered blood donors such as name, address, and other such personal information along with their details of blood group...

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Abstract A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in aspecific molecular configuration (Britannica). Steroids have many downsides such as kidney failure, liver cancer, and heart attacks. In addition, they have a huge impact on an individual’s memory. Usually, athletes use steroids to recover quickly and workout harder without being tired. The aim is to inform...

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Introduction Pollution is an ever-growing concern in today's world, affecting not only the environment but also human health in myriad ways. One of the most visible impacts of pollution is on the skin, the body's largest organ and its first line of defense against external aggressors. As urbanization and industrialization continue to accelerate, the concentration of pollutants in the air...

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Rationale The research question that was decided was formed from the claim 'Crispr can produce individuals who are free of genetic disease.' An article posted on the Morning Edition mentioned that a New York scientist conducted gene-editing experiments which, although raised some ethical concerns, could someday prevent many inherited diseases. Before the final question could be developed, numerous elements from...

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by loss of kidney function over time. The kidneys play a vital role as an excretory organ and are crucial in managing the homeostasis of endocrine, fluid, electrolyte, mineral and acid-base balancei. The deterioration of the kidney’s ability to function makes nutritional derangement inevitable in patients with CKD. Because of this impact,...

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HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency virus, when this virus is at its most progressive stage it is known as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV belongs to the Retroviridae family. The genome of this virus is constituted of a single strand of RNA encapsulated in an HIV Capsid protein that forms the core shell of the virus. Moreover, the virus...

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'Brain training' is a program of consistent mental exercises purported to improve cognitive abilities and protect from neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia. It is of particular interest to cognitive psychologists researching the potential benefits it has for cognitive development across age groups. If found effective, this would open new research into understanding the limits of the human mind and possibly...

432
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Introduction The point of this case study is to research and explore ischemic cerebral vascular accidents and their treatment in the pre-hospital environment. It will include the epidemiology and incidence of strokes, the clinical presentation as well as the aetiology and pathophysiology. This case study will then determine how to appropriately manage these patients in the pre-hospital setting. Stroke is...

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Introduction Skin aging is becoming a serious issue in this current society of strict beauty standards . It is stated that by 2010, the anti aging market was expected to account for $16.5 billion in sales(Choi and Berson, 2006). Sun-exposed areas of the skin, such as the face, neck, chest and hands are the places most prone to skin aging....

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The memory is a complicated subject, and the constantly changing memory causes many different effects that can harm or hurt someone. The research regarding storing and retrieving memories of the brain’s information is valid because studies show that when remembering events from the past, the brain will take things relevant to the past memory to help you recall it. Also,...

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Summary Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide with myocardial infarction being the frontrunner for morbidity and mortality. Although medical and surgical treatments currently can significantly improve patient outcomes there exists no treatment that can generate new cardiac tissue or reverse the damage caused by cardiovascular disease. With new research being available that challenges the idea that myocytes...

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Introduction This report will be discussing eczema in children, specifically causes and treatment of eczema. According to James McIntosh (2017) eczema is defined as a condition where the skin becomes inflamed, flaky and red causing the child to be itchy and can sometimes result in bleeding. The main aim of this report is to determine whether eczema can affect a...

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A warmup is essential as it prepares a dancer’s body for physical activity. As well as preparing muscles and joints for dance, there are also other benefits which help to ensure the safe practice of dance. An effective warmup will prepare the body and mind for the coordination and strength needed for complex, technical movements. Also, by doing a warmup...

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