INTRODUCTION Obesity has been studied for years and is still being studied today (2). The leading cause of mortality worldwide is cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes, and this is associated with obesity. There are many contributing factors to obesity than one would think. Some of the health issues that could be life threatening are hypertension, diabetes, coronary disease, heart failure,...
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Abstract An increasing number of people are developing diabetes across the nation. The affect on children has become overwhelmingly high. Schools need to educate teachers on the signs and symptoms of the disease to insure the health of students. If school officials and teachers are aware of how diabetes affects children and the signs to look for proper treatment can...
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In the debate on whether obesity is a disease or simply a body type that increases the risk for other health conditions, its classification as a disease is gaining more support. Medical professionals and organizations increasingly identify obesity as a disease on its own, separate from the conditions it leads to (Liu, et al., 2019, p. 322). Obesity is defined...
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The prevalence of end-stage renal disease requiring transplantation in india is calculable to be between 151 and 232 per million population (Modi and Jha 2011). If a mean of those figures was taken, it is calculable that nearly 220,000 individuals need kidney transplantation in india. Against this, currently, only 7500 kidney transplantations are performed at 250 kidney transplant centers in...
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Over the first year of life, many developments in the body occur including speech advancements, fine and gross motor movements, facial expressions and the fusion of bones. One of these advancements includes the progression of our eyesight- vision is a powerful sight that allows us to protect ourselves from the environment by reacting to stimuli; there is no doubt that...
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This essay will explore the development of visual acuity and depth perception within the first year of an infant’s life. It explains the reason for the fast development of visual acuity within the first 6 months and the development of visual acuity based on how cone photoreceptors and the fovea mature to provide good resolution. OKR and VOR are also...
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The major functions of the respiratory system are to allow the movement and exchange of circulating air in the atmosphere to and from the lungs and to monitor and control blood acid-base balance in the body. The system is made up of multiple structures carrying out processes of ventilation, inspiration and expiration, to ensure the major functions are performed. As...
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Abstract Indian tradition has a considerable amount of empirical musicology research on studying the cognitive impact of swara (musical notes), sruti (pitch) and laya (rhythm) on the human brain. However, there has hardly been any neuro-scientific exploration of these effects of music on human brain using the inherent strengths of Indian classical music. This paper discuses about the importance and...
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“Maybe there is a beast… maybe it's only us” (Golding 183-195). As Humans we fight with doing good and bad constantly, but how does that shape our surroundings? In William Goldings novel Lord of the Flies, a group of young British boys get stranded on an island and are completely isolated from the rest of the world. As Readers, we...
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The research about therapeutic inventions are becoming more and more popular as time progresses. However there isn't much research in this topic to determine whether or not therapeutic techniques actually help the brain or not. In this study, it reported a controlled longitudinal study to investigate pre post changes in the brain grey matter concentrations attribute to participation in an...
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Introduction Obesity, or fatness, would be defined as the amount of excess body fat. This excess body fat has an influence on a person’s wellbeing (Prentice and Jebb, 2001; Bjorntorp, 2002; Gallagher et al., 1996). Fatness can be a risk factor for several illnesses including, but not limited to, heart diseases, strokes and, diabetes (Pi-Sunyer, 2002; Iliya Gutin, 2017). There...
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Sleep plays a crucial role in brain function and the systematic physiology of many-body systems. Difficulty with sleep has become widely prevalent, consisting of deficits in quantity and quality of sleep. Insomnia is a subtype, associated with difficulty falling asleep, waking up often during the night and having trouble going back to sleep. These sleep difficulties begin with short term...
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was first reported in 1981 among gay men in Los Angeles. HIV caused a severe infection that weakened their immune system. It was the beginning of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic (MHAF, 2019), which later in 2010 became the fifth leading cause of disability in all ages (Zulfiqar, 2017). Although these were the first incidents...
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You felt rested when you woke up this morning or the other day, but were you? You had breakfast this morning and your hunger was satisfied. Your brain needs its hunger satisfied too and you feed it when you sleep. Sleep deprivation is not good for you and can have many negative side effects. Skipping your sleep can be deadly...
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Arterial blood gas test (ABG) is one of the most common standard diagnostic tools that is used to measure important physiological components, such as arterial blood oxygen tension, arterial carbon dioxide tension, and the blood’s pH level. Therefore, arterial blood gases give us easy accessibility to understand how well a patient’s acid-base balance functions, how well gas is being exchanged,...
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Abstract Anatomy is a field concerned with description of the body structures of living things. Gross anatomy refers to the study of the body structures that are large enough to be examined without the assistance of magnifying devices (1), those structures are as the muscles of the body. One of the essential groups of these muscles is The Adductor Group...
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Abstract With changing lifestyle and food habits like lack of proper sleep, exercise, bad eating habits, etc have led to rapid increase in the number of people having diabetes hence, its necessary to decrease it. The proposed system developed will predict the risk of a person getting diabetes and classify it into one of the three categories namely low, medium...
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Introduction Procrastination in time management is no stranger to the modern society. Statistics by Beswick, Rothblum & Mann, 1988; Gallagher, 1992; Rothblum, Solomon & Murakami, 1986 estimated that 40 percent to over 50 percent of students were procrastinating. 'Procrastination arises from the Latin 'pro,' indicating 'ahead, forward, either for,' as well as 'crastinus,' meaning 'future'' (Klein, 1971). On that basis,...
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Introduction Diseases that are known to be communicable are infectious diseases that results from growth of pathogenic agents Communicable diseases are those diseases that can be spread from one person to another such as spread through contact, airborne or can be spread through, mosquito bites, droplet, body fluids or blood products. There are several examples of communicable diseases, some require...
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When you put on headphones or listen to music sometimes you can’t help but get up and dance around. It’s obvious that listening to music can make you lose control of your body but, not many people really know what music does to your brain. The amount of control music has over you and your brain is shocking. Music can...
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Introduction Sleep quality is a pivotal component of human health, influencing cognitive function, emotional well-being, and overall physical health. Despite its importance, many individuals struggle with achieving restorative sleep. This essay explores the multifaceted nature of sleep quality and the numerous factors that impact it, including lifestyle choices, psychological states, and environmental influences. By examining these determinants, along with existing...
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This essay is a cardiac case study for a patient ‘John Jones’ written for the bridging module of the Paramedic Science course. A case study aims to examine complex phenomena to increase understanding of them (Yin, 2003). With this in mind, this essay will explore the location, structure and function of the heart, describe the blood flow through the heart,...
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The above question is one that is often heard from students who simply wish to pursue their main subject of interest. To answer this let us first define what we mean by anatomy and physiology. Anatomy is the study of the structure and components of the human body. Physiology is the study of the processes which go on inside the...
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Introduction There are many lifestyle factors that can affect ocular health such as UV light, alcohol, diet, however smoking is one of the most important factors to control as it can lead to several eye problems. Most common eye problems associated with smoking include age related macular degeneration, cataracts, dry eye, optic neuritis, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. Effects of Smoking...
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Introduction Over the course of the past couple weeks my sleep and work schedule have been completely interrupted by operational commitments. My normal sleep schedule is from 0330 to 1030 in the morning. Followed by a simple morning routine of waking up around 1030, making a cup of coffee and going to the gym. I would get home from the...
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Introduction Sexually transmitted illnesses (STDs) are infections that spread person to person through intimate contact, STDs have an effect on everyone even babies, teenagers, healthy people, prosperous or the poor. According to WebMD (2019), it produces bacteria, parasites and viruses that have an effect on everyone, it causes many health problems but it can be more extreme for women. Human...
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Introduction Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (DM1) is one of the most common chronic health conditions in youth, with over 18,000 new cases diagnosed each year, and the prevalence is increasing. (Hamman et al, 2014) The recommended treatment regimen is complex and demanding, including frequent blood glucose monitoring, insulin administration (via injections or pump), careful tracking of diet and activity levels,...
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Introduction Pain management is a critical component of comprehensive cancer care, as cancer-related pain significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. The complex nature of cancer pain, which may arise from the tumor itself, medical interventions, or metastasis, necessitates a multifaceted approach to treatment. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a "ladder" approach to pain management, emphasizing the...
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Introduction The intricate relationship between the nervous and musculoskeletal systems is fundamental to human function and mobility. Disorders affecting these systems can significantly impair quality of life, leading to profound physical and psychological challenges. Understanding these disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating insights from neurology, orthopedics, and rehabilitation sciences. This essay explores the complexities of nervous and musculoskeletal system disorders,...
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Introduction Homeostasis is the maintenance of a steady state within the body despite changes in the external environment. The steady state is the optimum level for the body’s functions. For homeostasis to work the system needs to have sensors, a comparator, a set point, effectors, feedback control and a communication system. In humans, two systems need to be working together...
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