Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Background Acute Respiratory Infections (ARTIs) in infants and young children, mostly under 5 is one of the most distinct and dominant causes of mortality worldwide. Evidently, a significant portion of these casualties are caused by pneumonia which is a lower respiratory tract infection. According to a recent estimation, approximately 2 million children die every year globally...
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Duchenneâs Muscular Dystrophy is a genetic disorder linked to the X chromosome that is caused by a deficiency in the protein dystrophin (Mendell et al., 1995). This disease weakens skeletal and cardiac muscles, and may pose obstacles when sitting, standing, walking, and speaking. Treatment by myoblast transfer showed promising results in animal trials. This method strives to replace dystrophin through...
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Summary This paperâs intention is to deliberate the United States Opioid epidemic that has been going on for quite an extensive amount of years. This paper will also discuss the suggested recommendations to put in place targeting Overtown, Florida. This paper will explain why Overtown, Florida needs the enhancement of the policy, along with various opportunities for growth and bettering...
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Upon reading Sula, by author Toni Morrison, readers are able to watch the discrimination that forms in the town known as The Bottom; however, as the story continues, readers must focus on how this discrimination perpetuates as they watch how the protagonists of the story, Sula and Nel, must learn to adapt to a society where the neglagance of mental...
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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is a government branch that is responsible for addressing epidemics and other health-related issues. The CDC has provided a collaboration of many real-life stories of people who have struggled with opioid addiction, including Christopher's story. Christopher had an amazing life until he got in a very minor car accident when he was twenty...
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Opioid Epidemic Each day, more than one hundred people die in the United States from overdosing on a prescription drug, commonly known as opioids (âOpioid Overdose Crisisâ). Opioids are a type of drug that is derived from the opium poppy plant, or that have been man made to match the same chemical structure of said plant. The ever-so-abundant abuse of...
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Introduction Injuries are the part and parcel of any sport, whether it is played on court, pitch, mat or field. Where hamstring injuries are being commonest concern of the athletes (Burkett, 1970). Several studies (Malliaropoulos et al., 2011; Junge et al., 2009) suggest that injuries to the hamstring muscle are popular amongst the track and field athletes. Recent evidence in...
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Abstract Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disorder that originates in the respiratory system of individuals. It is caused by a malfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane receptor protein (CFTR). Improved understanding of the CFTR gene has opened doors to better understand the disease itself through research and experimental procedures. Understanding the pathophysiology of the CFTR gene itself has also...
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Introduction Ebola is a haemorrhagic fever that is formally known as Ebola Virus Disease. According to the Wold Health Organization, Ebola causes a severe, serious illness which is often deadly if left untreated. Stats from WebMD show that Ebola kills up to 90% of infected people. âEbola is a deadly disease caused by a virus. There are five strains, and...
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In 1976, the Ebola virus was first exposed. It happened in the areas in northern Zaire and southern Sudan when two outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever occurred (Cenciarelli et al, 2015). Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is the origin of hemorrhagic fever and said to be one of the most severe viral disease with 40-50% high case-fatality rate (Cenciarelli et al, 2015)....
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Problem Overview - Magnitude, Scope and Population Affected On October 16th, 2017, the United States Government stated that the American opioid epidemic was now a national health crisis (Department of Health and Human Services, 2019). According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), from 1999 to 2017, more than 700,000 individuals had died from a drug overdose, making...
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Introduction The emergence of the Ebola virus as a global health threat has necessitated a worldwide commitment to prevention and control strategies. The United Arab Emirates (UAE), one of the hubs of international travel and commerce, has proactively engaged in initiatives to prevent the outbreak within its borders. Despite the UAE's geographical distance from the traditionally affected regions, the rapid...
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Thesis: The opposition to vaccination was cultural and built upon societal value in money which resulted in the spread of mass religious hysteria, propaganda, and falsified data. Smallpox is a disease where small blisters pop up on the face, arms, and body. These then fill up with pus and customs develop a rash. Itâs a deadly disease. Vaccinations and the...
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For this summative piece, I have decided to look at 'What is the impact on parents when having a child on the autism spectrum disorder.' I believe this to be an important topic worth discussing due to the focus usually being on the child rather than their parents. This leaves the parents feeling neglected that they do not have the...
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Hepatitis C: HCV is a viral contamination causing aggravation of the liver. It is transmitted from individual to individual through unscreened blood transfusions just as debased needles and instruments utilized for inking and body penetrating. Sharing sullied individual consideration things, for example, razors and having unprotected sex are less normal methods of getting the infection. Hepatitis C infection causes both...
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Introduction The spring break of 2020 was unlike any other due to the unprecedented challenges posed by the novel coronavirus pandemic. Traditionally a time for rest and travel, the pandemic forced a reevaluation of what a break means in the context of a global health crisis. Many students, including myself, were faced with the abrupt shift from anticipated vacations to...
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Systemic Lupus Erythematous Intro/An overview of the disorder Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) is an autoimmune system, chronic, relapsing, provocative, and frequently multi-fundamental disorder of connective tissue, characterized by involvement of the skin, joint, kidney, and serosal membranes. Typically, the safe framework shields the body's tissues from intruders. Along these lines, this implies the resistant cells begin assaulting the cells they...
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Introduction: An ongoing investigation has indicated that CRISPR can be utilized as a generative method that can treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Because of an examination in mice, it could be created as a remedial choice for humans Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused by a defective gene for dystrophin. Duchenne muscular dystrophy occurs in about 1 out of every 3,600 males...
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Rationale A muscular dystrophy is a group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass. It is a genetic X-linked recessive inherited disorder which primally effects males. It is passed down through the mother who is a carrier of the gene. Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) is one of the nine different types of Muscular Dystrophy. There is...
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Inquiry Question: Should funding be allocated towards further research into genome editing as a clinical treatment for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy? Introduction: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a form of inherited neuromuscular disease found in children, causing progressive degeneration of muscle stability. It is as a result of a mutation in the DMD gene coding for the protein called dystrophin. A mutation...
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Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae is a bacteria (major one) that causes deadly disease named pneumonia. It majorly affects the lung portion. Alveoli is an air sac present in the lungs where the exchanging of oxygen from the lung to the body and exhaling carbon dioxide (CO2) takes place first. The air sac gets filled with fluids, pus, etc which causes inflammation...
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Rationale âCongenital diseases are disorders that are present before or at birth.â (spine-health, 2019) âHuntingtonâs disease is a hereditary disease that is more common in European descent.â (ghr, 2019) It will usually affect hosts at the ages between 30-40, but there are cases of juvenile Huntingtonâs disease and late-onset. 'Huntingtonâs disease causes the breakdown of nerve cells in the brain'...
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Mass Vaccinations in Measles Claim Mass vaccination programs are successful in the control of diseases. Rationale âA disease is an abnormal condition affecting a living organism⌠generally understood to be medical conditions that involve a pathological process associated with a specific set of symptoms.â (Healio, 2012). Infectious diseases are caused by organisms also known as pathogens; bacteria, viruses, fungi, and...
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Huntington's disease is an inherited brain disorder that is caused when specific cells in the brain die. This leads to loss of cognitive function, loss of walking, eating and swallowing and eventually death. Symptoms typically start between 30-50-year old Huntington's disease is extremely rare and affects one in every 10,000 people. Huntingtonâs disease is caused by a mutation of the...
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Claim Vaccines are not required for the overall health of society. Rationale Groups such as The Australian Vaccine Network (AVN) have raised concerns over the administration of vaccines in Australia due to their perceived negative public health consequences. This led to the claim: âVaccines are not required for the overall health of society.â The claim contains the following aspects; vaccines...
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Rationale: In 2006, the National Centre for Biotechnology released an abstract asserting that, âIn in the 21st century, mass vaccination and routine immunization remains a necessary alliance for attaining both national and international goals in the control of vaccine-preventable diseaseâ (D, Heymann. 2006), to support the claim of âMass vaccination programs are successful in the control of diseasesâ. For all...
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Inquiry Question: How extensive is the impact of Dengue Fever (first infection) on Thalassemia Major sufferers? Abstract: The purpose of this report is to determine the potential impact of Dengue Fever symptoms (first infection) when presented Thalassemia Major. To determine this potential impact, a thorough research analysis was conducted into Dengue Fever (effect on body, immune response, prevention and treatment)...
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Systemic lupus erythematosus is the most known kind of lupus. It is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system strikes its own tissues, inflicting extensive inflammation and tissue injury in affected organs. It affects the joints, skin, brain, lungs, and kidneys. Lupus doesn`t have a cure, however medical interventions and lifestyle changes helps contain it. ('Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)...
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Thesis: The poliovirus is a highly infectious virus that causes polio, which has debilitating signs and symptoms on the body and undiscovered treatments. Introduction The Poliovirus has been carbon dated back at least 6000 years ago in Egyptian mummies. It was also known to be a great health issue in the United States around the 20th century. However, in the...
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The process of hearing can be described as a series of events in which the energy of sound is transformed from vibrations in the air captured by structures of the outer ear (e.g. pinna) and further transferred through the ear canal to cause vibration of the tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle ear, which then become traveling waves in...
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