Abstract Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a globally prevalent, monogenic, life-threatening blood disorder with a complex pathology that remains obscure. A deepened understanding of the malady in the recent years has led to pharmaceutical advancements that target pathophysiology and ultimately ameliorate associated multivariate clinical manifestations. Abnormal cell to cell interactions, endothelial adhesion, induced oxidative stress, intracellular erythrocyte dehydration and concentration...
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āThis disease has impacted my life in so many different ways: good and bad.ā These are the words from Natasha Thomas, a woman who was diagnosed with sickle cell disease at the age of seven. Sickle cell disease is a blood disorder that affects the red blood cells in the body. A healthy red blood cell is normally round and...
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INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis, is a pathology that caused by bacterial infection that spread by air between people. When it comes to lung, the medical term for this pathology are pulmonary tuberculosis. It may cause chest pain, severe coughing, weight loss and many more. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a worldwide problem which is can affected to all age, either young or old age....
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Alzheimerās disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder found among older adults at the age of 65 and above (Schwamborn, 2018). Symptoms of AD are memory loss, cognitive declination, disorientation, language deficit, impaired concentration, personal hygiene and self-care declination as well as behaviour and personality changes (Bature, F., Guinn, B. A., Pang, D., & Pappas, Y, 2017). At this...
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Introduction Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by Sars-Cov-2 virus known as corona is the newly discovered respiratory disease where it spread person to person through small droplets from nose or mouth of an infected person and it has been declared as pandemic by World Health Organization. Fever, tiredness, difficulty in breathing, runny nose, nasal congestion, sore throat, diarrhea and dry cough...
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Abstract Hypertension is a serious health problemoriginates from a combination of genetic, environmental, and social factors.Environmental factors are overweight/obesity, bad diet, high dietary sodium, stress, lack of physical activity, smokingand alcohol consumption. Higher degree of BP control can be achieved by providing a care source, maximum adherence, and minimizing therapeutic lethargy. The targeted technique to be followed includes many interventions...
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Autism is a developmental disorder that affects one's physical, social, and language skills. It is considered to be a very heterogeneous (widely diverse) condition affecting at least 400,000 people in the U.S. alone. Most people with this disease are diagnosed before the age of three and tend to show symptoms like difficulty communicating, abnormalities in socialization, as well as interests....
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Parkinsonās Disease Parkinsonās Disease (PD) is one of the fastest growing neurodegenerative diseases in the world and the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease next to Alzheimerās Disease. What causes it has yet to be discovered, but researchers say that people who are more prone to developing PD are mostly men, aged around 60 or older, and have relatives affected by...
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The management of hypertension in patients can improve their overall health and reduce the risk of other comorbidities that can arise from being untreated, especially those newly diagnosed. Orem's theory poses the concept of self-care and the abilities that patients have to improve their self-care. An individualās ability to perform self-care is defined as the practice of activities that individuals...
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Obesity is one of the challenges facing the current generation and most probably the young and growing children. According to Lobstein et al. (2015), obesity refers to excess body weights or body fats that might affect one's health and are measured by the Body Mass Index (BMI). The challenges affect the children both mentally and physically and it is therefore...
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Pre-eclampsia is a serious hypertensive complication that can occur during pregnancy. Hypertension only occurs in 10% of women during pregnancy and although pre-eclampsia complicates only 2% to 8% of pregnancies, it is still devastating and life-threatening for both the mother and the baby. It is estimated that pre-eclampsia causes death in approximately 76,000 women per year as well as 500,000...
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Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that predominantly affects the motor system, leading to a wide range of physical and cognitive symptoms. Characterized by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, particularly within the substantia nigra, PD manifests through hallmark symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. The onset of Parkinson's...
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Over the past two decades, the number of obese or overweight children has doubled in number due to a number of factors (especially with technological advances on the rise). A child is considered overweight or obese when they have accumulated weight/fat that may have a negative effect on the childās health either soon in their teenage or adult life. Not...
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INTRODUCTION Thrombosis Research Group The Thrombosis Group at the Heart Research Institute (HRI) conducts experimental and clinical research into atherothrombotic disease. This research aims to establish the mechanisms that lead to platelet hyperactivity and pathological blood clot formation in healthy individuals. This experimental foundation can then serve as a starting point for the development of new approaches in treating and...
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Freedom of movement, a term that has existed for many years is a civil right concept encompassing the right of individuals to travel from place to place. In this modern era, globalization and digitization connect people across great distances and bringing them together due to the growth of far recaching media convergence and broadened the horizon (UNESCO, 2016). People are...
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Imagine going home and seeing your father forget on how to tie his shoe, forgetting how to cook toast, or even solving a simple math problem and getting frustrated at himself for failing. You start to notice the signs of dementia, but you think he's only 50? You do some research and realize he has Early-Onset Alzheimer's. You take him...
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In Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley, the death of William Frankenstein, although he is not a major character, plays an essential role in the novel. His death signifies the creatureās transition from peace in finding a companion to destruction and hatred of mankind. William represents the creatureās first victim. This begins when the creature realizes that his creator abandoned him, and...
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There are significant disparities in the prevalence, morbidity and mortality rates of women in Swaziland in comparison to Australia when regarding human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) There are a multiplicity of risk factors associated with these significantly different statistics between the two, including education and gender, which also impact individuals in their respective countries. The current statistics in...
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Now, having a better understanding of ensuring food and nutrition security, it is very much important to understand the influence of the intergenerational cycle on the nutritional status of the community. We had been all the while stressing the importance of nutritional care to be given to pregnant women, but the bearing of it on the entire generation has not...
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Stroke is considered as a leading cause for acquired brain injury among Australians causing morbidity and mortality, while being a leading cause for disability among adults worldwide(AIHW, 2018). Several resources highlight(AIHW, 2018; Urden, Stacy, & Lough, 2017), although there is a decrease in number of deaths related to stroke worldwide within last few decades, more than 65% of stroke survivors...
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Mark Haddon effectively immerses readers in a new world of experience and insight through the viewpoint of a person with implied autism. He showcases this through the individualās behavioural problems displayed and the challenges faced whilst raising a child with these conditions. Also, Haddon displays this through the enlightenment of the apprehension towards change that a person with this disorder...
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Abstract Background: Down syndrome is an extensively studied chromosomal disorder characterized by mental retardation and distinct physical manifestations, and it is the second most common cause of mental retardation in Iraqi children after idiopathic mental retardation. However, the chronic cutaneous conditions associated with the syndrome have received relatively inadequate attention. The aim of this paper is to determine chronic cutaneous...
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A concussion is known in the scientific world as an alteration of neurological function or a brain injury. People have known about concussions since the early 1900ās but have not understood the severity of these brain injuries until recently. Studies have shown that a concussion is most likely not caused from just one single hit but from a culmination of...
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The human brain is a complex bundle of nerves and muscles that is the nucleus for all human functions. The ability to breathe, move, think, and live are direct results of the underlying function of the brain. Therefore, based upon the overall significance of the brain, it becomes imperative to protect it from all damage. A concussion, is an injury...
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Childhood obesity is a condition in which the children are above the normal weight for their age and height. When we see chubby children, we find them really cute. But in the long term, they will look fat as they wonāt change their eating habits and tend to put on weight. It is found that children who are around age...
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The norms of Chinese culture. In Chinese culture, three major religious systems shape Chinese beliefs and practices: Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism (Fersko-Weiss, 2018). Confucianism provides the concept of filial piety, where it is oneās duty to provide care for oneās parents. Taoism provides the concept of energy or forces affecting an individual. Buddhism provides the concept of life and death...
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The problem of obesity has developed into an epidemic in the past few years. The number of overweight people in the world is growing. Obesity can cause more serious consequences, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, cancer, and psychological problems. Therefore, I will point out the causes of obesity and the measures that can be taken from the perspective...
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The definition of evolution according to the oxford dictionary is ,ā The process by which different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth.ā Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a pathogen which belongs to the āMycobacteriaceaeā family it is commonly known to cause tuberculosis. The question is how exactly did Mycobacterium manifest...
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With a heightened focus on defending our planet from varied existential risks from potential alien invasions to break out of a zombie apocalypse, are we missing out on something critical? The world is advancing at a rapid pace and so are the challenges. Despite various threats related to technology and the environment, human health issues remain primal. While we eradicate...
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Have you ever seen a child or adult who is acting weird and not their age? It is not their fault but they have a genetic disorder called Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this paper, the reader will have a good understanding of what autism is. This paper contains a lot of information regarding this topic. Autism, for some reason...
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