“Nobody spends somebody else’s money as carefully as he spends his own…”, – Milton Friedman. Taxation, a means by which governments finance their expenditures by imposing charges on citizens and corporate entities, is used according to the ACCA (2013) for one of three reasons: to raise revenue, to redistribute wealth, and to change behavior. This essay will focus on income...

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Hong Kong has been relying on its simple and low tax system for several years to attract talent and capital in order to maintain competitiveness. Are there any flaws in our tax regime? In order to investigate the strength and weakness of our taxation system, we have explored seven key criteria of a good taxation system. The purpose is to...

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Adam Smith was an eighteenth-century scholar eminent as the dad of modern economics, and a noteworthy defender of free enterprise monetary arrangements. In his first book, 'The Theory of Moral Sentiments', Smith proposed the possibility of an undetectable hand—the inclination of free markets to manage themselves by several methods such as rivalry, free market activity, and personal responsibility. Smith is...

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Most of the public discussion and literature about economic development and education generally, most especially employment and education, is based on two major economic processes. First, is the interaction between the politically responsive supplies and the demands that are economically motivated in determining the number of schools provided, who can access these places, and the kind of instruction given. Second,...

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Many organizations are benefiting from us. They are promoting a lot of unhealthy food at a very low price, taking benefit from it by having us to agree with a ridiculous idea that it’s good for us to purchase these unhealthy products. Big Food Brands like Anheuser Busch, Nestlé, and PepsiCo are responsible for using this tactic manipulating people of...

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Since the catastrophic global financial crisis, which was directly caused by the burst of the housing bubble and mortgage default, in 2008, the Federal Reserve alone has injected roughly 7.6 trillion dollars into the global economy by the end of 2019 in order to facilitate the recovering of the economy and mitigate recessions. An alternative asset which is called digital...

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One of the most important questions that has to be raised is whether it is right or even ethical for smokers to pay a high amount of tax on tobacco or not. Or even whether individuals who live a healthy lifestyle and don’t smoke are forced to pay a cost for something that they never even did. There are 3...

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Poverty is an increasing issue in modern day that stems from wealth inequality. Families that hold wealth throughout generations are making an increasing gap in income in the United States which is making the poor even more poor. Poverty can have several negative effects on a person’s long-term health, including heart attacks, inflammatory diseases, and even can attribute to a...

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In America today, there is a constant conversation about taxing the rich. They’re arguments on both sides of the coin. As of right now, since taxes are based on percentages, wealthy citizens should not be required to pay higher taxes because they fairly earned their money and they should get to keep it. On the other hand, some people believe...

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At the end of 2017, President Trump signed into law one of the largest tax code overhauls since the 1980s. The President assured taxpayers that this bill included a simpler and more reformed tax code, protection for lower- and middle-income Americans and cuts for corporations that would in theory spur investment and economic growth. Once implemented, however, this bill disproportionately...

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Aptly described by WHO as an ‘escalating global epidemic’ (WHO, 2002), the burden of obesity on communities is self-evident: an estimated 3 million deaths and 2 trillion dollars in medical costs (Dobbs et al., 2014). To address the challenge member nations have introduced tax policies to regulate people’s nutrition. The phraseology ‘junk food’ is attributed to sugar sweetened beverages and...

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In this essay I'm going to be discussing the following: why the government has introduced a sugar tax and the results of this initiative, future plans to increase this scheme as well as potential alternate methods to improving the nation’s health without punishing the consumer. The government last year joined the ranks of many other nations around the world in...

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Tourism is a critical source of income for many countries but for Scotland in particular, it is a major source of revenue. Yet a substantial part of the money made from tourism does not go to the local council or benefit the whole population. Instead, the money is going into the hands of accommodation providers, cafes, restaurants and retail outlets....

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Introduction The debate over tax systems is a perennial issue in economic policy, with progressive and flat taxes often at the center of this discourse. A progressive tax system, characterized by increasing tax rates as income rises, is argued to be more equitable as it ostensibly aligns with the ability-to-pay principle. In contrast, a flat tax system imposes a uniform...

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Introduction Globalization, the process of increased interconnectedness and integration of economies, societies, and cultures, has profoundly influenced global employment landscapes. This phenomenon, driven by advancements in technology and the liberalization of trade, has transformed how businesses operate and where labor is sourced. As multinational corporations expand their reach, they impact job creation, job displacement, and ultimately, the nature of work...

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Automation is a process through which technology and applications are used to carry out the work efficiently and reliably instead of being carried out by humans manually ('What is Automation?', ISA, 2020). Automation helps to efficiently carry out repetitive task which otherwise needed to be done by human manually and by doing so automation helps to save time and cuts...

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Abstract Today’s rapidly changing world is able to totally restructure the workforce, and employers face severe challenges in workforce management. Diversity management has been a key issue among employers in reaching sustainable growth, employee satisfaction, and retention, talent acquisition. The importance of diversity management can be linked to long-term organizational strategies that will enhance positive corporate reputation and development. However,...

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Capitalism is described as an economic and political system in which a country’s a trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state. This form of government was dominant in the west and took off after the fall of feudalism, which was wiped out by the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. Capitalism, sometimes...

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Concept of Compensation Compensation is one way of managing to improve job performance, motivate and improve employee performance. Compensation is important for employees as individuals because the amount of compensation between the employees themselves, their families, and society reflects the size of their work. Compensation is also often referred to as an incentive and can be defined as any form...

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Part 01- Literature review In this section, at first, we give the definition of bad news and its impact on the employment relationship. Secondly, we describe the process of delivering bad news. Finally, we analyze the delivery of bad news. The delivery of bad news is very difficult in organisation. The people who deliver the bad news may be threatened...

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Introduction Inequalities are experienced by everyone, which could be in material and immaterial forms. Social exclusion and economic disadvantage could be some forms of inequalities. In this essay, employment inequalities experienced by Australian indigenous people will be examined. In the past, Australia's indigenous people are recognized as 'human' by the white settlers. They were not protected by human rights and...

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Introduction The issue of unemployment within the Hispanic community in the United States is a multifaceted phenomenon with deep-rooted causes and wide-ranging implications. As one of the fastest-growing demographic groups in the country, Hispanics have a significant impact on the national economy. However, their unemployment rates have often been higher than the national average, reflecting systemic challenges and barriers to...

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The price of zinc has soared over the course of the last few years, and with that the price to produce the penny has gone up. The U.S. Mint reports that it costs nearly 1.6 cents to product one single cent (Grenoble, 2013). A cent that, most of the time, goes unused. There has been a growing debate on whether...

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The penny should be abolished, and no longer be accepted as currency, because it costs more to produce the penny than what it is actually worth, and its value is too low. The value of the penny is too small to be useful. When people start leaving a unit of cash at the register for the next person, the cash...

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According to an old superstition, it’s good luck to find a penny on the sidewalk. But whether or not you believe picking up that penny will bring you luck, one thing it definitely won’t bring you is wealth. Pennies are worth so little now that by taking five seconds to pick one up isn’t even worth it. Pennies are so...

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Introduction Monetary policy serves as a crucial instrument in steering the economic stability and growth of a country. In Pakistan, the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) is the central authority responsible for formulating and implementing monetary policy. The primary objectives of Pakistan's monetary policy are to ensure price stability, control inflation, and foster economic growth. Over the years, the complexity...

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Populism is a term used to describe political movements or parties that have anti-establishment leanings and run on a quasi-tribalistic platform that presents a binary worldview of the âthe good and morally pure people [against] the corrupt, self-serving elite (Brett, 2013) and populism exists in both right- and left-wing politics. Despite this, I will primarily focus on right-wing populism. The...

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Fiscal policy has had to adapt to the unique implications of the coronavirus. Spending is currently at an all time high of 16.3% of GDP to support crippled industries and a population without income. Policymakers are approaching a crucial moment where they need to avoid austerity while managing national debt; development of contemporary ideas will be key. Monetary policy has...

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There are different operations, strategies, beliefs, and principles that guide every economic structure. The principles and ideas that are dominating in such territories determine the type of system in operation. Capitalism vs. communism concepts are two contrasting economic systems that are applicable in different places. Indeed, the difference between communism and capitalism is that the former supports equality in society...

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One of the central goals of development economics has been to understand how to raise the quality of life of the people. As Adam Smith (1776) made an emphasis on his book, Wealth of Nations, “No society can be surely flourishing and happy, of which by far the greater part of the numbers are poor and miserable”. In developing countries...

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