Felix Bruno Bettelheim, Christian Metz, and Michel Foucault are psychologists that gave me the concepts that might be useful for a psychological reading or interpretation of the film The Lion King, an American animated film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation, released by Walt Disney Picture in 1994. The ideas and concepts of Foucault, Bettelheim, and Metz can be linked...
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Introduction The Oedipus complex, a pivotal concept in Freudian psychoanalytic theory, continues to spark intrigue and debate among scholars and practitioners. Coined by Sigmund Freud, the Oedipus complex describes the unconscious desires a child harbors for their opposite-sex parent, coupled with a rivalry toward their same-sex parent. This notion, rooted in the Greek myth of Oedipus, has been pivotal in...
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Pragmatics refers to the study of signs, sentence structure, and symbols. It focuses on the meaning of utterances. It is what people say in terms of spoken speech or by the use of signs and symbols. It is a fundamental component in human speech because it establishes meaning and intention hence establishing a better understanding. It also helps in establishing...
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I choose two biases to investigate and explain how these affect on my life. People read articles daily, but they are doing not recognize that bias is getting used to alternate their opinion. “I’ll believe it once I see it.” this is often what the general public says once they have a special opinion on topics. However, changing opinions aren't...
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The term ‘Bystander effect’ can be defined as ‘the finding that an individual is less likely to intervene in an emergency situation when other people are present’ (Byford, 2014, p. 232). There are two approaches to explaining the Bystander effect, experimental and discourse analysis. This essay will explore both of these approaches, comparing and contrasting them, using case studies that...
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Introduction In the realm of individual success, paradigms serve as foundational frameworks guiding one's thoughts, actions, and ultimately, outcomes. A paradigm is essentially a set of beliefs or a cognitive framework that influences how an individual perceives and interprets the world. Paradigm shifts occur when fundamental changes alter these frameworks, leading to new perspectives and opportunities. This essay explores the...
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Rationale My pilot study is going to be based on the Stroop effect. This test is to test is to see how well it works on kids and to see their reaction time. The Stroop effect was discovered by John Ridley Stroop in 1935. John Stroop found out that when a name of a colour is written in a different...
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This study is focused on the Stroop effect , this was formed by John Ridley Stroop, where they asked participants a list of colours in the same colour ink and a list of colours in different colour ink. The hypothesis for the study is 'That it takes more effort to recall colours than of words'. The main study that link...
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Human memory is a complex phenomenon which psychologists have been studying for years. Atkinson and Shiffrinâs (1968) multi store model shows how memory divides into three different stores, sensory-, short- and long-term memory, which pass information from one to another using various methods. Baddeley and Hitch (1974) criticised the model for oversimplifying short term and long-term memory. Through the development...
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Understanding memory still has a far way to go, many theories and studies have been investigated on how memories are stored in the brain. Storing and retrieving memories is described as a process. Many models have been suggested on how the memories are organized. As background, working memory occurs within a cycle. Memories begin by being encoded, then stored then...
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Study of Employee Motivation In Chapter One of our text, we learned that employees are considered human capital, which means they are valued for what they know, their education, their experience, and their individual skills. (Luthans, Luthans, Luthans, 2015). We also learned in chapter one that the aforementioned fact was not always the case. We discussed Douglas McGregor and his...
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Apparatus Standardized instructions were read to participants prior to the experiment, ensuring the instructions were understood. In addition to word lists (see Appendix A), which were required to carry out the experiment and provide participants with stimuli. The sets of cards (reading and writing conditions) each had 80 words (8 rows of 10), letter strings or X’s printed on one...
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Abstract In a class experiment a mindfulness exercise was used to investigate the effects it would have on attention. Before the mindfulness exercise was carried out an emotional stroop test was taken by all participants and again after the mindfulness test to investigate the effects. Participants were given a mindfulness test or a relaxation test to also investigate if either...
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This occurs whilst in the company of other people who are also not helping. In the example, the teenage girl (victim) in the event has experienced a bystander effect. The bystander effect occurs due to many reasons; which will be discussed in this essay. Altruism is a selfless form of prosocial behaviour whereby the recipient is not expected to give...
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Bystander effect occurs when the presence of others hinders an individual from lending a hand in an emergency situation. According to a study conducted by social psychologists Bibb Latané and John Darley (1968), the greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will take action to help a person in distress. Observers are...
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Introduction and Thesis Various type of behaviors will be performed by the secondary school student in the classroom and these behaviors can be explained by developmental theories, such as Piaget’s cognitive development theory and Erikson’s psychosocial development theory. All this behavior can cause positive and negative impact in the classroom. Majority of the students often perform a negative behavior which...
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Scientific paradigm: Paradigms, introduced by Kuhn in “The Structure of Scientific Revolutions”, are the lenses by which science views the world. A paradigm refers to not only the set of theories but also the entire set of processes, equipment, and measurements used to conduct science (Kuhn 1962). Within a paradigm, there is consensus over the fundamental ideologies, techniques, and methods....
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In 1960s, researchers were inspired by the invention of computer system and characterised STM as a computer with limited capacity which most verbal information is temporarily stored (Broadbent, 1958). Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) then introduced a Dual-Store Model that maintained the short-term memory’s capacity is limited and rehearsal for the retention of information is essential. However, Baddeley and Hitch (1974)...
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This discussion calls for an analysis of Paradigm Shifts. Within this analysis, it will be prevalent to look at Paradigm Shifts of the Past, Present and Probable Future, to see how they influence society. Kuhn outlined scientific paradigms as “accepted examples of actual scientific practice that include laws, theory, application and instrumentation that provide models from which particular coherent traditions...
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Abstract In most people, proficiency in language takes precedence over cognition of individual words and letters contained therein. Therefore, when an individual is presented with a random name, there can read it instantaneously without thinking. The brain can respond automatically to the name and the response time is considerably short. If the same person is presented with the word of...
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Compulsive gambling is a problematic behaviour that has a widespread impact all over the world. For example, there are many cities such as Las Vegas and Macau that are designated for entertainment purposes such as gambling, and many casinos have been established in those regions to cater to patrons. From the engaging lights and sounds of slot machines to strategic...
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Psychodynamic Theory Origin and development The perspectives in social work that we can call psychodynamic, all have an origin that leads back to Sigmund Freud (1856–1939). Freud was an educated physician and worked for many years as a researcher within the area of neurology before he developed a theory about: The personality’s construction Children’s development Mental illness and treatment These...
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Introduction Music, an integral part of human culture and society, has profound effects on various psychological processes, including memory. The relationship between music and memory is a burgeoning field of research that reveals how auditory stimuli can enhance cognitive functions. Music's rhythmic and melodic patterns engage neural mechanisms that underlie memory formation and retrieval, making it a tool of significant...
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An absence of exploration about the short-term memory of intellectually gifted students added to the need for this investigation. In the event that a presence of contrasts between mentally, general, and different students is seen, it would profit the educational system to know where the memory’s qualities and shortcomings of individual students lay. Not only would the information on such...
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In the first article, “Why and How Do We Help”, by Susan Krauss Whitbourne, the author takes a look at the various reasons as to why bystanders act the way they do. She explains the theory of “diffusion of responsibility”. Bystanders don’t help in a situation because of the distribution of responsibility between a group of onlookers. When there is...
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One of Sigmund Freud’s most well-known ideas was his theory of personality, which proposed that the human psyche is composed of three separate but interacting parts: the id, the ego, and the superego. The three parts develop at different times and play different roles in personality, but work together to form a whole and contribute to an individuals’ behavior. While...
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The following essay will attempt to offer a considered and balanced review of the role of clinical biases in diagnosis. Clinical diagnosis refers to a process that matches an individual’s specific symptoms to those that define a particular mental disorder. Clinical biases refers to behaviours that psychologist unconsciously have, these may be both beneficial and dangerous. Biases occur when researchers...
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The Stroop Colour and Word Test effect on its basis is one of the most well-known and long-lasting phenomena in all cognitive science and psychology. Having been first reported by John Ridley Stroop in 1935, the phenomena explains the degree of difficulty people have with naming colour of the ink rather than the word itself (Stroop, 1935). More specifically, it...
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The human brain is intricate and still very strange. It is probably why many myths about the mind and its functions always come about. One of the most well-known of these legends is often alluded to as the 10% of the brain myth, or the idea that an individual only uses an extremely small amount of their brain in everyday...
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The working memory model is a theory for how short-term memory works, and an expansion of the views expressed in the MSM theory. Baddeley and Hitch in 1974 felt that STM was not just one store but a collection of different stores. These concepts lead them to form a model which consists of three slave systems; the central executive, the...
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