Niels Bohr, who was interested in explaining the spectrum of discrete lines that is observed when light is emitted by different elements. Many models of the atom have been proposed based on experimental data, including J.J. Thomson's discovery of the electron and Ernest Rutherford's discovery of the nucleus. Rutherford explained that in an atom, the nucleus is positively charged and...
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Abstract Have you ever wonder why ice cubes floats when mixed with water? or when oil stays at the top of the water instead of mixing together? This goes back to 250 B.C when a Greek mathematician named Archimedes discovered density. Density explains the correlation of mass and volume and also when the object is supposed to rise, sink, or...
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1.0 Introduction Western hemlock is the single most plentiful tree species on the coast of British Columbia and makes up 18% of the volume of BC’s total growing stock. It grows along both the east and west sides of the coast range, from sea level to mid-elevations, as well as in the Interior wet belt west of the Rocky Mountains....
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Abstract: Advance illumination instruments have changed the scenario in distribution and intensity of lighting systems in this world. Development from fluorescent to white LED (light emitting diode) opens the door of illumination, pest control application and eco-friendly lighting. Color sensitivity in UV spectrum plays crucial role in navigation; meet selection, excitation in terrestrial invertebrate animals. This review shows the importance...
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Introduction Since its first opening in Paris on July 8, 1817, the rollercoaster remains to be the prime attraction of every modern theme park. The rollercoaster ride focuses on exposing the riders to a variety of magnitudes of forces, at different times, without compromising on the health and safety of the riders. To give maximum enjoyment whilst ensuring safety, manufacturers...
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Abstract: Heat sink are a kind of heat exchanger used as a cooling system for electronic devices due to simplicity, low cost and reliable manufacturing process. The heat sink can be divided into plate fin, pin fin, cross fin, a combination of plate fin and pin fin, perforated plate fin and pin fin and radial heat sink. In the past...
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Sound: A Basic Introduction What is Sound? Sound can be described as variations in density and pressure that expand in an elastic medium which could be a gas, liquid or solid body. The precondition for variations in pressure to be defined as sound is furthermore that in addition to the source of the sound and the transmitting medium, there should...
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Abstract – Active street lighting has emerged as an essential factor in strategies for a resource-efficient economy and realization of sustainable growth. In the outdoor area, lights represent approximately 40 % of the total energy consumption at night and have much energy saving potential. If passers-by or vehicles, summarized as traffic elements, are not located near street lamps, it is...
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Abstract Our theoretical interpretation shows that the electron density is condensed at 150°orientation and perhaps the reason for the high mobility of electron in graphene. To determine the above result, the constructed monolayer of graphene contains 40 carbon atoms with 48 bonds in between them and 16 hexagonal polyhedra and the bilayer of graphene has 80 atoms with 96 bonds...
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Abstract The main aim of the project is to design a circuit which would allow the detection of light by using a photodiode and to critically assess in details how a light sensing circuit using a photodiode works to obtain a desired output. This is achieved by using a transistor Darlington pair, four resistors (2*330, 1k, 4.7k), one LED and...
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Abstract Polymers represent a good alternative option for current metallic heat exchangers. That is due to their low weight ,cost, and volumetric-thermal-capacity. Polymers also considered as stable anti-corrosive material. Furthermore, fouling is less likely to stick on polymer surface compared to metals. However, polymers thermal conductivity is way less that metals (more than 100 times). Several researches in the literature...
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Abstract The topic of this paper that I want to specifically talk about is Newton’s Second Law of Motion and how his theory would show how the forms of mass, acceleration, and force would all coexists amongst each other whether that be finding the acceleration of an object on a particular surface or to measure the applied force on the...
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1 Introduction I have always been interested in the physics and math behind rocketry and aviation. Aeronautical engineering is my dream job, making it an obvious idea to do some topic related to the same. Recently, I visited the Kennedy Space Centre where I saw the Saturn V rocket, the rocket that was used for all the Apollo missions. While...
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Introduction What is the speed of light and what affects? This question has been asked for hundreds of years and the answer is simple. The speed of light is approximately 299,792,458 m/s (Las Cumbres Observatory, 2019). This answers the first part of the question, but what about the second part? What affects the speed of light? The purpose of this...
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What are the consequences of different approaches to recording sound? Sound can be manipulated by various techniques. In Jack Walker's seminar, a variety of these techniques were explored such as creative microphone placements, processing and textures. He also discusses the effect of changing the equipment and space when recording. I will discuss a few of his approaches when recording. When...
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Introduction The reason for this lab report is to inform how Newton’s laws of motion can detail human movement. Analysing and understanding movement is important for sports science movement is the effect of force generated in a push and pull pattern between two objects. Forces can change speed or direction of an object. Within this report I will evaluate the...
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Introduction The study of rock density is pivotal in the field of geology, offering insights into the composition, structure, and genesis of rocks. Density, defined as mass per unit volume, varies among different rock types and influences their behavior under various environmental conditions. This property is crucial in applications such as petroleum exploration, civil engineering, and environmental science. According to...
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Introduction The purpose of this scientific report was to look at the movement of the hip joint in the eccentric phase of a squat and the external forces that act on it and to further investigate the role that biomechanics has had in the research and the development of a squat. Key Terms Biomechanics can be defined as the study...
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This case study work focuses on recognising and quantifying internal heat sources in the first European analog space base: the recently constructed Ppolish LUNARES habitat. The paper explains the necessity of conducting analog space missions prior to an actual manned exploration of the Moon and Mars. Notions of internal heat loads and gains have been elaborated along with their significance...
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Abstract When a body is in a state of motion, the total momentum is maintained, such that the product of mass and the velocity vector, until that moment when an external force is applied to it. This law is called the conservation of linear momentum, this principle somewhat corroborates the conservation of energy principle which states that energy is neither...
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Abstract: Geothermal energy is one of the cleanest non-conventional energy source. A promising application of harnessed geothermal energy are ‘ground source heat pumps(GSHP)’. Ground source heat pumps can be used for both commercial applications as well as domestic applications, the key reason being the fact that they are highly energy efficient, energy saving capabilities and their environment friendliness. The use...
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Lab Report 1. Introduction 1.1 Background Information: Newton’s second law of motion states that the acceleration of an object depends on two variables: the net force acting on the object and mass. The acceleration of an object is dependent directly upon the net force acting on the object, and inversely to the mass of the object. Acceleration is the total...
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Abstract This paper shows a thorough examination on various methods for upgrading heat transfer rate and pressure decrease in different compact or micro heat exchangers. The sole target of this study is to gather major thermodynamic highlights of micro heat exchangers displayed by fluent analysis and numerical examination for creative planning reason. The impact of balances and cylinders dispersing, geometry...
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Abstract Crucibles, Bunsen burners, a hot plate, and an evaporating dish were used to examine the reactions of magnesium and oxygen, zinc and hydrochloric acid, and the dehydration of Copper (II) sulfate. The results were MgO, ZnCl2, and CuSo4 + 5H2O. Introduction Individual elements are chemically combined to form new, complex compounds through synthesis reactions. Synthesis reactions follow the pattern...
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Abstract— Capturing photos in low light conditions is a difficult situation for photographers to get optimal image results. Low light conditions can occur at night, in the forest or in a dark room. The image quality in low light conditions is not good because the objects in the picture are lack of light which makes some objects blur and hard...
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Abstract The 2003 Boumerdes earthquake occurred in the north of Algeria and caused significant amounts of damage in the cities of Boumerdes and Algiers. This study aims to simulate strong ground motion of the mainshock and aftershock of this earthquake by using empirical Green’s function method (EGFM). The obtained source model of the main shock called strong motion generation areas...
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Introduction: Since young, exercising has always been a part of my life. When I was 8, I was selected to join the development team and afterwards the school team for gymnastics. Regular physical exercise was something I had been engaged in since a very young age. However, after leaving primary school, I did not join a sport, and hence it...
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1 Introduction The scatterplot is a dominant graph used in science articles due to its proven usefulness in science and finding correlations (SCATTER BRAINED, 2018). Residual plots can be used to show further or less validity of scatterplots. This report will delve into the mathematics stated above to provide a conclusion to whether rainfall impacts the production of sugar cane...
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Introduction Depreciation in the value of a car over time is a good example of a linear function with a proportional change in value over the cars age. For research purposes, in this investigation the values of two different makes and models of cars from the past nine years will be compared and explored through multiple mathematical concepts and ideas...
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Argumentative Essay Humans and animals: both beings that feel pain and have a soul. What separates humans and animals that makes animals subject to, often deathly, laboratory testing? Activists around the world have used the same basic concept to plead their cause for years. Many countries and brands have already banned cosmetic animal testing, but the US has yet to...
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