An Overview Selection is frequency dependent when the fitness of a phenotype, genotype, or gene (or species) varies with its relative abundance in the population (or community) and hence can be detected only when measured at two or more frequencies. In “negative frequency-dependent selection,” fitness decreases with frequency and thus rare genotypes or species could be maintained at a stable...
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The idea of tinkering with the genes becoming a part of future generations has always existed as a muse in science fiction. Now, we have the technology and choice to change the course that thousands of years of biological evolution have taken us on. And it comes in the form of a pair of molecular scissors called ‘CRISPR’. With this...
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Background The term ‘Commodification’ usually can be seen as a topic of Economics but actually, it can be used in every area. Even language can be commodified ,can be used as an economic resource where market value exists . There are many studies which are mainly based on language economics, and this area’s evolution has not deep-rooted history. It is...
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Abstract This writing explains the symbols or signs in a short story, The Selfish Giant, written by Oscar Wilde, to explore the explicit meaning of the text. The writer chooses this short story, because the short story is used to examine students’ reading comprehension. This research applies Semiotic which discusses about symbols. The capabilities of students to identify the meaning...
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Bilingualism is hard to define as it relies upon the meaning of fluency. In its simplest form, bilingualism is defined as “knowing” two languages (Valdez & Figueroa, 1994). A more recent definition views the proficiency of learning multiple languages on a continuum (Harley, 2014). In language acquisition, simultaneous bilingualism is considered to occur when two languages are acquired from birth...
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Biotechnology is a continuously evolving science that is affecting mankind’s day to day life. The extraordinary revolution in biotechnology has created new possibilities for curing diseases and manipulating our genetic heritage (Shahin Akhondzadeh, 2014). This essay aims to discuss the dependence of biotechnology and the ethical and social issues raised from it. Malaria, a parasite infection of red blood cells...
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Introduction Electricity is a fundamental aspect of modern life, powering everything from household lighting to industrial machinery. One intriguing question in the realm of physical sciences is whether salt water can conduct electricity. This inquiry is not merely an academic exercise; it has practical implications in fields such as environmental science, electrical engineering, and maritime operations. Salt water is a...
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The three things that resonated with me in Professor Hawking’s lecture involved the word “why”. Sometimes when I’m deep in thought and start thinking about future, I think about life. I think about why things are specifically the way they are, why specific events of varying effects on people or places happen and how sometimes, reality seems too good to...
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ABSTRACT People having physical limitations such as speech and hearing impairment are often unable to convey their message properly, which leads to them being left out in many aspects of life. To help those people express themselves in a better and easier way we have developed the sign language detection application. We have developed a translator that takes hand gestures...
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Abstract Hand gesture recognition forms a great difficulty for computer vision especially in dynamics. Sign language has been significant and an interesting application field of dynamic hand gesture recognition system. The recognition of human hands formed an- extremely complicated mission. The solution for such a difficulty requires a robust hand tracking method which depends on an effective feature and classifier....
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Introduction Sign language serves as a vital communication tool for individuals with hearing impairments, allowing them to express themselves and interact with the world in a meaningful way. However, one of the persistent challenges has been the integration of sign language into everyday technology, facilitating seamless communication between sign language users and non-users. Recent advancements in wearable systems have opened...
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Abstract This paper presents an overview of room temperature Sodium-Sulfur batteries. Efficiency, safety and lifespan are challenging problems that face current energy storage technology. Room temperature Sodium-Sulfur batteries are a viable, low-risk and high-density energy storage option which are also considered a low-cost alternative for on grid energy storage and other electrochemistry practices. This overview regarding room temperature Sodium-Sulfur batteries...
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Introduction Learning a new language is a multifaceted endeavor that extends beyond traditional classroom settings. English, a global lingua franca, is increasingly essential in various domains such as business, academia, and tourism. While formal education provides foundational grammar and vocabulary, the immersive experience of traveling can significantly enhance language proficiency. This essay explores how travel facilitates English language acquisition by...
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ABSTRACT This study analyzes the level of heavy metals in soil and delicious apple tissues (fruit, leaf, shoot) in three different rootstocks: mm106, m26 and m9 grown in the Obiliq region (considered as a polluted region). Samples of soil, fruit, leaf and shoot have been analyzed for heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, As, Zn, Cu, Cr and Fe) using atomic...
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Abstract In language there is a metafunction, namely, Ideational; correlation of the usefulness of language in conveying experience in the form of expression and understanding of the perception of life that is carried out consciously called transitivity. This study attempts to analyze the transitivity process of Palembang Malay verbs with Linguistic Functional Linguistics categories. The research method uses a combination...
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Biotechnologically transformed bodies have been and continues to proliferate in dystopian literature. Situated in the spectrum of fear and excitement, Divergent and Oryx and Crake expose the inextricable connection between biopower and biotechnology. The negotiation between ethics and technological advancement leads to a complicated situation where the historical definition of ‘human’ is at stake. Both novels portray the age of...
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In the last few decades there has been a big push for more environmentally friendly ways of living. This does not stop at chemistry. In electrochemistry the term “green chemistry” has been coined. Organic synthesis through electrochemistry is expected to be one of the most useful reactions in green chemistry, as no toxic reagents or products are needed or produced....
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Abstract Disposal of heavy metals from industrial effluents in natural water bodies have been major preoccupation from many years because of their toxicity towards aquatic life, human beings and the environment. Numerous methods for the wastewater treatments are reported in last two decades. Present study reviews the recent developments, efficiency and usefulness of various methods for the removal of heavy...
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Abstract Contaminations by heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems strongly affect foodchain relationships through the process of biomagnification. Heavy metals (i.e. Fe, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Co) were determined from sediment, water and macrophytic species (Ceratophyllum demersum, Phragmites australis, and Potamogeton crispus) of Nigeen lake. The concentration of different heavy metals was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The...
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Abstract DNA origami nanostructures can be utilized as functional materials depending upon their arrangement into higher orders using molecular lithography process. DNA origami triangles and DNA origami 6-helix bundles (6HB) are synthesized under sodium and magnesium rich buffer solutions, adsorbed and desorbed on the negatively charged mica surface. The adsorption of origami depends upon Mg2+ that forms a salt bridge...
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Eugenics is derived from the Greek meaning “well-born”. It is the science of improving a population by controlled breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics. Because of this, it can be closely linked to Social Darwinism, the application of natural selection to human society. Nowadays, eugenics is a term used almost exclusively with regard to Nazi Germany, however...
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Introduction In academic writing, the ability to convey complex information clearly and cohesively is crucial. Lexical cohesion, a fundamental aspect of linguistic coherence, refers to the way in which words in a text are linked to create unity and continuity. This concept is particularly significant in applied linguistics, where the abstract serves as a concise summary of research findings and...
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Introduction Gene therapy typically involves the insertion of a functioning gene into cells to correct a cellular dysfunction or to provide a new cellular function. For example, diseases such as cystic fibrosis, combined immune deficiency syndromes, muscular dystrophy, hemophilia, and many cancers result from the presence of defective genes [1]. Gene therapy is basically to correct defective genes responsible for...
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What is language? It is a system. System which is made of interdependent linguistic units, such as morphology or phonology which were the object of linguistic study since the early years. Yet, what had often been neglected in the past was the crucial fact that language is a system for communicating meanings, and therefore to really understand the nature of...
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Today, social media plays a tremendous role in enhancing language learning. Social media seeks out attention. There are lots of different types of social media which includes social networking like Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, WhatsApp, etc., media sharing networks like Instagram, Snapchats, YouTube and writing reviews and online forum includes Quora, Reddit, Blogs and Vlogs.An average person over his life time...
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Language is a complex and important feature in every day life, it is how we as humans communicate to one another, how we express our needs and emotions and how we get the attention of our peers. How does language begin to develop in children? They are not born speaking the words adults use around them and they do not...
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Space has been one of the most interesting and eye-catching research and science fields during the past 60 years, since the first artificial satellite was launched into Earth’s orbit. The technological advance that has been occurring in the past decades in all fields of science is reflecting upon space technologies and is driving this field towards miniaturization with the clear...
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The intention of most media messages is to persuade the audience to believe or to behave a certain way. Hollywood films use upscale special effects to make the spectators that what they’re seeing is real. News use several techniques – such as direct quotation of identified sources – to make their audience accept the story as accurate. The media messages...
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The universe is a wide and complex place with billions of planets and stars, as well as countless theories and unanswered questions. Scientist may know most of what is going on in space. One of the few things, that until this day scientists cannot explain, are black holes. For years black holes have been a mystery to the people who...
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Subject Introduction The extravagance of life on earth which is called as the Biodiversity, is a basic component which shows the wellbeing of the biological systems on the Planet (Salazar J, 2010 ) Every species in the environment, regardless of how little or how huge, every one of them have their very own specialties and thus it upgrades the environment...
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