Abstract When looking at Beetroots the effects of pH can be seen through the pigment of Betacyanin stored within the cell membrane by testing absorbance of the pigment released in a solution due to effects pH has on the permeability of the membrane. The solutions applied to the cells roots leads the cells to become disrupted causing an open membrane...
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Abstract The present proposal is a quantitative approach to study the type and extent of difficulty bilingual children with dyslexia may encounter when they are learning English as a second language. The aim of this proposal is to examine the effect alphabetic languages have when learning English, compared to non-alphabetic languages using word reading, orthographic and phonemic awareness tasks. The...
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Abstract Digestive enzymes play a very important role in providing the energy and proteins that the body needs to survive from the food that is ingested. One important digestive enzyme is pepsin. This enzyme survives the acidic pH of the stomach and is not denatured by it as some enzymes might. Pepsin has a precursor, pepsinogen, which is the inactive...
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Abstract Hydrogen energy has a great potential to become one of the clean energies of the future. The current use of hydrogen gas as an energy source still has problems, namely in the distribution and storage system. One solution to overcome these problems is to use the adsorption method. Zeolite material is considered to be a good material to be...
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Diffusion Theory or the Diffusion of Innovations, is a theory which breaks down the process of how people perceive, process and make decisions in regards to new information and products. Diffusion is defined as “the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system” (Rogers, 2010). The Diffusion Theory suggests...
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“They know what they want and they have no way of telling you except crying. It's like you’re giving them this gift, showing them how to express it.” This quote was said by Jennifer Pankowski, a mother who has personally seen the good that comes from using Amercian Sign Language with her hearing baby boy. Many resources are available to...
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ABSTRACT Natural Language Processing can help the Human Resources department in the recruitment process and focus on more promising candidates in today’s globally connected and competitive marketplace, which is propelled by the explosion of digital information. HR or People Analytics apply sophisticated data science and machine learning to help organizations manage their people practically and efficiently. The flood of resumes...
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Abstract In this paper, we introduce genomics, study of the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. Genomics determines the sequence of molecules that make up DNA of an organism. Here, the genomes play a vital role. Genomes can be encoded as well as decoded. So, here we see how to decode a genome with the machine learning concept....
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CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats), which is a technology allowing scientists to edit genes in living cells, has ignited a revolution. Even though it is a relatively recent discovery in the history of biomedicine, CRISPR has entered mainstream use in research swiftly. In just less than a decade, the technology has taken off like a skyrocket with tremendous...
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Long before gene-editing technology became available, public debate over the ethics of using the technology to treat humans had been raged. Immense promises and worst fears associated with modern biomedicine reasoned the intense ethical interest in the technology. All believed that there was something exceptional, something groundbreaking about this new science and technology. Gradually, the debate moved from general philosophical...
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ABSTRACT For over a decade now, agriculture has been the key source of income in India. In a country like India, which is developing now, agriculture provides a huge number of employment opportunities. According to a study, a huge population of the country, around 60-70% of the country depends on agriculture. Most of the work related to farming in India...
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The poems, “Elena”, by Pat Mora, and, “Translation for Mama”, by Richard Blanco, are both about having obstacles in communication, disconnection in family, and identifying themselves as individuals.These two poems reflect on issues in communicating and trying to adapt themselves into English as a new language and in a new environment. Mora mostly focuses on how a mother thinks that...
473
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Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to determine the optimal temperature for both bacterial enzyme amylase, known as Bacillus licheniformis (B. licheniformis), and fungal enzyme amylase, known as Aspergillus oryzae (A. oryzae). During this experiment, both enzymes were exposed to 4 different temperatures (0 ᵒC, 25 ᵒC, 55 ᵒC, and 85 ᵒC) for specific time intervals. The time intervals...
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Introduction The question of how to define what a species is has been a contentious issue for as long as the concept has been around. Even without a consensus on definitions the idea of a species is fundamental to all fields of biology, especially so with evolutionary biology. The term “I know it when I see it” can be a...
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Enzymes are proteins that help with digestion and metabolism. Their function is to speed up certain reactions within cells. In this case, enzymes were part of a reaction with iodine. A total of eight test tubes were used; four for bacterial amylase and the other four for fungal amylase. A spot place was used to see the reaction between the...
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Intro If a long-term goal of the United States is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, one factor that must inevitably be worked on is the greenhouse gas emissions from cars burning gasoline. While it would be impractical to suggest that people stop using cars altogether, there are ways to create cars that would either drastically reduce or eliminate the emissions...
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Introduction Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts which accelerate many biological chemical reactions (Funk and Wagnalls 2018), making them an important staple in linking metabolic networks (Chiu et al. 2006) as well as many biological processes. Thus, it is important to have a fundamental understanding of enzymes and their reactions with substrates, including measuring their activity based on the...
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Introduction Hello members of the editorial board, today I present to you a journal article called the ‘Mathematical Model for Cell Division’ by D. McKenney and J. A. Nickel. This article has caught my eye because it is easy to read and understand with some background knowledge. The journal article is constructed in a way that guides the reader step...
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Introduction The reactions occurring in a living organism are classified as metabolism, it sums up all the chemical reactions occurring in a living thing. Organism rely on metabolism, and ambient temperature can have significant effects on the metabolism of the organism. There is also an inverse relationship between an organism's rate of metabolism and their size. This is because the...
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INTRODUCTION Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are a group of neurodegenerative diseases with progressive degeneration of motor neurons (MNs) that lead to muscle weaknesses, loss of ambulation, and chronic disability, ultimately causing premature death in patients (Cappella et al., 2019). Two representative examples are spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), both severe MNDs that share pathological, cellular, and...
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Since the discovery of cell culture in 1907 it has rapidly become one of the most frequent and important techniques used by cell biologists and as more modern technology has became available, a greater understanding of the method was gained to further enhance the results of cell culture. With the developments of two-dimensional cell culture to three-dimensional cell culture a...
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ABSTRACT To take complete advantage of the large and rapidly increasing body of sequence information, advanced technologies are very much required. Among the most powerful tools for genomics are high-density arrays of oligonucleotides or cDNAs. Exploration of the genome using DNA microarray should narrow the gap in our knowledge between gene function and molecular biology. Nucleic acid arrays or simply...
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For those that watch television crime dramas, the use of DNA evidence appears to be the final nail in the conviction coffin. Television portrays DNA as direct evidence; evidence that proves the existence of the fact without the use of interferences or presumptions. In reality, DNA is wholly circumstantial in nature. In this paper I will be focusing on what...
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The extinction of humanity is imminent, our planet is gradually becoming contaminated and slowly we are approaching the absolute end of existence, unless we expand our borders and move towards space, many scientists consider that the colonization of space is a Desirable and perhaps inevitable step in the future of humanity, Mars is the focus of many serious speculations and...
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With inconsistent results from various studies, identifying and quantifying the bilingual advantage, if there indeed is one, has become an increasingly controversial field of debate. Whilst initial studies proved promising; the bilingual advantage has more consistent null hypotheses with larger sample sizes and more robust testing. Bilingualism and Executive Control A contentious area currently under debate is the link between...
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INTRODUCTION For this topic, I plan to discuss eugenics and the forced sterilization of women in the early 20th century. I plan to explain how mostly the disabled, immigrants, and minorities were targeted as well as the implications of that. I will explain the racist and ableist roots of this era of American history, and how it’s tied with the...
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Over the course of 350 million years, plants and insects have coevolved to counter each other’s defensive strategies. A variety of physical and biochemical mechanisms are used almost intuitively to help plants deter herbivorous pests. Chemical signals and compounds emitted by plants can be exploited by herbivores, predators and parasitoids to locate resources. In this review, we will look at...
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Studying the Martian surface composition is essential to understand its past and current condition and pave the way to unveiling the nature of occurrences of detected minerals - be it weathering, precipitation, or of volcanic origin (Bandfield, Hamilton, & Christensen, 2000). Multiple instruments have been employed to carry out Martian surface studies. These include the Thermal Emission Spectrometer - TES...
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Diseases come in various types and subtypes and they all possess diverse underlying mechanisms. A common factor in all of them is the influence of the genetic background that is unique to every individual. The presence of susceptibility genes and modifier genes in our genome provides insights into the way our bodies respond to disease-causing factors and the complicated gene-gene...
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Involuntary sterilization in the United states started with the Eugenics movement in early 20th century. Eugenics was a compulsory sterilization movement that was of decreasing non-favorable population, including disables, feeble-minded and non-Anglo people in US. (Barnett, 2004). Although the idea of manipulating human reproduction to improve the species has been traced back to Plato's Republic (circa 368 BCE) and beyond,...
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