Gene editing in agriculture Gene editing involves making distinct changes in the DNA sequence of a plant/animal cell creating a desired genetic make-up. Gene editing is a powerful tool for genome editing which requires high specificity and uses enzymes known as nucleases which cut the DNA at the desired site while another sequence is inserted to replace the cut sequence...
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“Venus” went through cycles similar to that of the moon (from fully illuminated to crescent shaped). However, in saying this, I want to point out at this stage that although the phases of the moon and Venus are in fact similar, from my understanding, the reason that Venus looks bigger during crescent shaped cannot be applied to that of the...
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INTRODUCTION Everyone needs sun exposure as when the skin is exposed to the sun, our bodies make vitamin D (Kate M. Cronan, 2019). This helps the body to absorb calcium for stronger, healthier bones (Kate M. Cronan, 2019). “Too much unprotected exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays can cause skin damage, eye damage, immune system suppression, and skin cancer....
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Venus’ surface is uninhabitable by humans for many reasons. Not only does Venus’ atmosphere contribute to the huge amounts of air pressure, over 90 times that of Earth’s, but the dense, mostly carbon dioxide atmosphere traps a ton of heat. This sends temperatures skyrocketing to around 467 °C, hot enough to melt lead [1]. Together, these factors crushed many probes...
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The whole universe is expanding in all directions; however, everything was closer together 13.8 billion years ago and at one point all the galaxies converged to a single point (Howell, E. 2017). It is said that the universe has expanded to get as large as it is now, and that it will continue to expand. When the universe started as...
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INTRODUCTON A redox reaction is a type of chemical reaction “that involves a transfer of electrons between two species” (Spohrer, Breitenbuecher & Brar, 2019). For a reaction to be classified as redox, there must be one species that is reduced and another that is oxidised. This means that both reduction (the gain of electrons) and oxidation (the loss of electrons)...
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Introduction In our modern society, a plethora of chemical processes and reactions are commonly found in our everyday environment and are significant parts of the products we use. One such process is a redox equation, which consists of oxidation and reduction. Originally, oxidation and reduction were viewed in terms of adding or removing oxygen. Now, they are defined in three...
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The clinical symptomatology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered to be the result of an extensive destruction or disorganization of the cerebral cortex, as the patient’s cognitive functions become impaired. Late onset Alzheimer’s disease affects 5-10% of people over the age of 65 years old and while the case for this disease has not yet been fully understood, it is...
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WHAT IS GENETIC MODIFICATION A transgenic species (TGS) is defined as an organism that has had part of another species genome transferred into its own gene through the techniques of genetic engineering. This is often called “Genetic Engineering”. It allows selected individual genes to be carried from one organism into another and their traits to be passed on. Further, transgenic...
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Throughout literature and research, the term Bilingualism has remained extremely difficult to define as it has developed multiple meanings over time, however, it is generally acknowledged as when an individual has developed a high level of fluency and proficiency in two or more languages (Hamers, 2000). It is the coexistence of multiple active language systems that are constantly in contact...
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Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and is easily visible from Earth. In the evening it can be spotted high in the sky and appears to look reddish in colour due to oxidation of iron in the rocks on its surface. Mars has a radius of 3390 kilometres and is about half the size of Earth (Mars Britannica...
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The exploration of Mars has been a long awaited mission. The effects however have been questioned for a very long time. Through my understanding of Martian Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury. It has an atmosphere primarily composed of carbon dioxide, molecular nitrogen and argon. It also contains...
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Have you ever wanted to go to a different planet? Have you ever wondered if going to a different planet is even necessary at all? Throughout the 20th century, our views of life on another planet has changed drastically. This essay will argue that a mission to Mars is not mandatory and instead dangerous. Because there are many risk like...
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In a bid to aid globalisation, the Australian Government established liberal trade policy agreements with low wage economies. However, according to a manufacturing report released in 2018 by the Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, it suggests liberal trade policies are hampering the growth of Australia's manufacturing industry instead of fueling economic growth. Australia’s manufacturing industry contributes 6% to the...
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Introduction Electrolysis is when an electric current pass through a chemical solution to create a non-spontaneous chemical reaction (Britannica, 1998). Electrolysis can be used to separate compounds into its original elements (libretexts, 2019). In electrolysis, the reduction - or the gain of electrons - and the oxidation - or the loss of electrons occurs. This is referred to as Redox...
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It has been theoretically calculated that the Universe would have originated from a single mass of about 13.798 ± 0.037 billion years ago. This single mass suddenly exploded and the fragmented particles flying in all directions as a result of this explosion formed stars, planets, and galaxies. This theory that explains the formation of the universe due to the explosions...
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Agricultural practices of harvesting crops (fruit and vegetables) must consider the environmental impacts, profitability for produces and unknown effects of the genetic modification of foods upon consumption. The biggest issue surrounding GM foods is consumer uncertainty and varying attitudes, and controversy surrounding the labelling of whether or not certain foods have been genetically modified. This investigation aims to evaluate and...
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Influenced by anthropogenic climate change, the complex nature of the human-animal interface is continuously threatened and zoonotic diseases are rising. Domestic animals themselves are reservoirs of zoonotic diseases (e.g. Avian influenza) and poor livestock practices endangers both humans and animals. Encroachment of human settlements increase the interactions between humans and wildlife species which helps facilitate the spread of zoonotic diseases....
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Introduction The Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, is a serious pest that has cost Australian farmers hundreds of millions of dollars due to its destructive nature of Australian horticulture and fruit production. They are widely distributed across the eastern and northern territory of Australia and are known to be Australia’s most difficult and costly biosecurity challenge (Taylor, 2016). Learning more...
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Astronomy and Mars Background Information Mars, the fourth planet from the Sun and third smallest planet in our Solar System, is also known as ‘The Red Planet’ (Figure 1) (Birch, 2004). Mars has the closest climactic zones of all the planets to ours, with polar ice caps and temperatures of approximately -63o¬C, however its atmosphere is toxic to us, with...
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A large portion of us has those days – those occasions when you dread for the fate of mankind. On the off chance that you are a safeguard of appropriate sentence structure and spelling, and if those days appear to come off and on again, you are not the only one. Journalists and teachers around the world concur with you:...
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ABSTRACT Water is the most essential piece of the puzzle on how the human body functions and is constantly being used to maintain cell, tissue and organ functions (Laskey and Sinha, 2019). Humans loose water through breathing, digesting and sweating so it is important to remain hydrated. However, water is constantly being recycled so any contamination can be hard to...
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Genes are the building blocks of DNA, which makes us who we are. Gene Editing is the process of breaking the double strand of DNA and then deleting the gene disruption. It then replaces the disruption with a new and healthy strand of DNA. Gene editing affects life on earth. Our genome affects us and our behaviour towards others. Gene...
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An exotic pet is a rare or unusual animal that is kept as a pet. It is also refers to animals that are unusual to keep within human households or are generally thought of as a wild species than a pet. Today, we are going to share about exotic pets. Throughout this presentation, we will share about types of exotic...
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Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and is an extremely cold desert world. It is covered in rusty red, iron-rich dust which is why it’s called the “Red Planet”. Mars travels around the Sun in an oval-shaped orbit which means the planet completes one revolution in 687 Earth days (Couper et al 2016). Dry riverbeds on the surface...
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Helioseismology, simply put, is the study of the Sun’s core through the observation of wave propagation that is visible on the surface. This is possible due to both the continual movement of plasma to the sun’s surface, as well as the constant radiation from the heat, that forms convection cells resulting in the investigable convection currents or “waves”. As each...
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Bodies through society have been used in art like the Venus of Willendorf and others but they all share a common factor that they are all unrealistic which is why my thesis question is The range of bodies they have created is breathtaking, but yet they share one thing in common... none of these images resembles a real human being....
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Introduction Biotechnology involves the use of living organisms. It is mainly used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. It is used all around the world, but mainly by the rich countries, like the United States, Spain, France and more. In medicine, biotechnology has many functions. From DNA sequencing, to healthcare biotechnology, to cell replacements. The main focus of this report...
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Art Nouveau made quite a few cameos in the entertainment media. In 2007 Disney’s Enchanted feature their protagonist Giselle, who’s portrayed as a cliche hopeless romantic and traditionally feminine woman character, which is similar to how ideal women were portrayed in the Art Nouveau period. This could be an explanation of why Giselle’s dress is an almost the exact replica...
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Earth’s future has become increasingly unstable over the course of hundreds of years, not only do we face terrorism, climate change and catastrophic events but humans could also be wiped out in an instant by a meteor collision, says Steven Hawkins (Hoare, 2019). In order to ensure the human races survival, we must become a two planet species. Mars, being...
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