The World Organisation for Animal Health (2020) describe welfare as “ the physical and mental state of an animal in relation to the conditions in which it lives and dies “ and in 1965 the guiding principles of welfare were created called the ‘Five Freedoms’ which are : freedom from hunger, malnutrition and thirst. freedom from fear and distress. freedom...
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Introduction Throughout the duration of a week, a herd of 18 horses that formed the group of riding school horses at Wallington Park Equestrian Centre were observed for the exhibition of behaviours, these behaviours are then discussed below including the root and reason for their existence. The herd had a range of breeds and sizes containing ponies and horses together,...
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Imagine if the word you lived in, space you breathed in, and freedom you played in was all suddenly taken away from you. Killer Whales are kidnapped, usually from a young age, and taken away to be tortured for the pleasure of an audience at Sea World. The experience these Killer whales undergo cause extremely poor health in whales, including...
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Racehorses are pushed to race at younger ages than they really should, so that the jockeys, trainers and owners can make as much money from that horse as they can. Sounds good right? Making loads of money? Well, maybe in this case it is not as good as you think. Horses are expected to race before their bodies are developed...
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The study of climate change impacts on birds has increasingly been hot topic in recent years. Abundant evidence and proof shows there have been apparent changes in avian population, life history traits, and geographic ranges in react to worldwide environmental change. This paper briefly reviews the impacts of climate change on birds specifically focusing on its distribution, production and conservation...
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We live in the 21st century and yes, we have moved past a lot of barriers like caste, creed, colonialism and many others but still, we have a long way to go before we fully act like we live in the 21st century. What we often forget is that the Earth belongs not only to the humans but also to...
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Emperor Penguins Emperor penguins migrate annually from the West coast of Antarctica to their breeding grounds. This journey has a distance of 60-100 miles and the main reason is for breeding. However, recently some Emperor penguins are migrating because of climate change and limited amounts of food. The migration takes place during the month of March. Around 595,000 Emperor Penguins...
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Extinction happens when a plant or animal species ' last individual dies out. This can occur naturally, likely due to climate change or other factors, or due to human activity such as overhunting or habitat destruction. Marine animals are aquatic mammals that rely for their life on the ocean and other marine ecosystems. Researchers are now using a comprehensive study...
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Living organisms have systems which all work together to enable survival. In the animal kingdom, rats and humans are both mammals, and they have very similar systems and organs in their body. A mammal is a warm-blooded vertebrate animal which has fur or hair, gives birth to babies, as opposed to laying eggs, and feed their young milk. The systems...
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Orange-bellied parrot is a kind of slim ground-feeding parrot with grass-green top and yellowish below. Its prominent is the orange patch on belly, but adult female has slightly smaller orange patch. The taxon name of orange-bellied parrot is Neophema chrysogaster. This species breeds only in south-western Tasmania, Australia between November and March. The nest is in a natural pit or...
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Introduction Fire ants, primarily the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta), have established themselves as one of the most invasive and problematic insect species worldwide. Originating from South America, these ants have spread across numerous continents, disrupting ecosystems and presenting significant challenges to both human and animal populations. The dangers posed by fire ants are multifaceted, encompassing ecological impacts, health...
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The Dolphin Research Institute (DRI) actively obtains dolphin research for the south eastern region of Victoria and focuses extensively on conservation, education and environmental leadership for the community. DRI is a not for profit organisation established in 1991 by passionate individuals who were concerned about the local dolphin populations. One of their greatest milestones was the establishment of the world’s...
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A Keystone species, like an animal or plant helps define and shape an entire ecosystem. These species are a key function to an ecosystem. Without keystone species the ecosystem and habitats would dramatically differ and change or, would not exist at all, species who depend on those environments would not exist either. If keystone species didn’t exist there would be...
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The Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor) native to Tasmania Australia, is the quickest parrot on the planet, however, now being critically endangered is on a fast decline to extinction. According to a ‘Conservation Volunteers Australia’ webpage, there are just approximately 2000 Swift Parrots left in the wild. The Swift Parrot travels across over Bass Strait to the Australian Mainland to collect...
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Have you ever wondered how red pandas came into existence? Well, you’re in luck. While doing my research on red pandas, I found out what the taxonomy of a red panda, I found where red pandas come from and how they have evolved throughout time, and I found some interesting facts about the red panda that made me choose the...
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Introduction The study of behaviors and cognitive processes in humans and non-human primates provides profound insights into the evolutionary pathways that have shaped intelligent life. Both humans and their closest evolutionary relatives, the non-human primates, exhibit complex behaviors and sophisticated thought processes. While humans are distinguished by advanced language capabilities and abstract reasoning, non-human primates display remarkable problem-solving abilities and...
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The primary aim of wildlife management efforts for most endangered species involves the reintroduction of safe individuals into wild ecosystems. To help accomplish this aim, zoo population managers are working to ensure not just the animals 'physical well-being but also their genetic health. In essence, the animals should be as close as possible to their wild-born counterparts: the outcome of...
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Dolphins are a kind of our favourite sea creatures. Everyone loves them. But, most of us only know a few things about them. Have you heard of the pink dolphins which are much more cute? Today, I’d love to present some good news about a dolphin birth. A dolphin mom who is called Pinky has given birth to her pink...
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The word fish is an all-encompassing term used to describe every aquatic organism, such as ray-finned fishes, sharks, whales, lampreys, and coelacanths, to name a few. Besides being an aquatic organism, fish is a major source of protein to man. As a matter of fact, statistics provided by the Food and Agriculture Organization show that fish alone constitute 16% of...
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Why didn't they evolve? Why do they swim? What to change to make them fly? Why they don’t they fly? What the advantages and disadvantages would be if they flew? Paragraph or two to answer each Why Penguins Can’t Fly and what would happen if they could? We are all familiar with the cute little black and white birds but...
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One aim of this investigation was to identify the population growth rate of the Killer Whale population and to determine if they are in danger of going extinct. The population models used in this investigation analysed the different stages of the life cycle of the Killer Whale population. These stages included; yearlings, juveniles, mature/reproducing females and non- reproducing populations. Using...
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Introduction The African catfish, scientifically known as Clarias gariepinus, is a prominent freshwater fish species native to the rivers and lakes of Africa. Renowned for its adaptability and resilience, this species has become a crucial component of aquaculture worldwide. As a cornerstone of sustainable fish farming, particularly in developing countries, the African catfish presents an intriguing study of biological and...
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Dinosaurs first appeared in the latter half of the middle Triassic 230-240 million years ago; they were originally bipedal carnivores, and quite small relative to the colossal dinosaurs that proceeded them. These primitive dinosaurs rapidly evolved into the two major clades we know of today; Ornithischia and Saurischia, Saurischia being comprised of both Sauropoda and Therapoda. Saurischia makes up all...
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This essay is going to evaluate nutritional requirements when feeding horses to prevent or manage impaction colic, laminitis and obesity. Horses (Equus caballus) are non-ruminant herbivores that graze throughout the day. As this species has a small stomach there is a limited amount of food that can be eaten before changes occur within organs, leading to many health issues. Obesity,...
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Humans have been breeding dogs for at least an estimated 14,000 years, it is said to believe that the evolution of the domestic dog evolved from the wild grey wolf (Canis Lupus.) As humans began domesticating dogs, they had begun to favour specific traits such as dogs with particular physiques and temperaments, hunting skills, intelligence, behavioural traits and even the...
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An exotic pet is a rare or unusual animal that is kept as a pet. It is also refers to animals that are unusual to keep within human households or are generally thought of as a wild species than a pet. Today, we are going to share about exotic pets. Throughout this presentation, we will share about types of exotic...
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Animal biotechnology has developed quickly over the past 2 decades. Animal biotechnology is a part of biotechnology in which molecular biology is utilized genetically engineer animals so as to improve their suitability for pharmaceutical, farming or industrial applications. Animal biotechnology has been utilized to deliver genetically modified animals that combine helpful proteins, have improved development rates or are resistance to...
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Language, as defined by the Cambridge dictionary, is ‘a system of communication consisting of sounds, words, and grammar.’ Most humans use language in day to day life as a method of communicating between one another. However, it is not fully clear whether animals use language to communicate or not. The most obvious example of animal communication is bird song. Owls,...
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Most loves animals; at least the ones attending veterinary technician school. But they do have their place. Some people like them for a while, and then get tired of them and don’t get rid of them the proper way. A lot of them are just dropped off in cemeteries or fields. Many are not even fixed. When these animals are...
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Clones are living organisms that are genetically identical to another organism. Although cloning can be seen in nature (e.g. twins and organisms that reproduce asexually), it is possible for scientists to clone animals. The personality of the clones, however, is not the same as the original animal’s due to the environment and random mutations occurring during development in the womb....
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