“How wonderful it is that nobody need wait a single moment before starting to improve the world”. True words from Holocaust survivor, Ann Frank. Everyone at some time in their life is once told to be optimistic about something. Many of us have been told an analogy of optimism is to think of a glass half full instead of it...
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Focus on positive ideas to deal with a situation than wallowing in sadness or anxiety. Kindness when shared, multiplies, and changes one’s perspective A gratitude journal or notes of things that one is thankful for, reminds one of good times. Difficult times like economic crisis, political unrest, and pandemic bring out anxiety and sadness in a majority of Americans. But...
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PTSD affects about 11-20% of veterans that have served in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). Symptoms can be grouped into four distinct clusters: recurrent and intrusive reminders of the event, avoidance of things that remind one of the event, negative changes in thoughts and moods, and emotional reactivity. These symptoms can affect one’s quality of life....
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This paper will examine the use of positive psychological exercises on well-being through viewing variations of heart rate when completing the exercises. Research from Cohen and Pressman (2006) state that disorders, such as, depression and anxiety have been examined as a larger risk for mortality rates. A great extent of research has proved that greater wellbeing has a strong correlation...
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Social Media Influencer (SMI) marketing within the corporate world is a relatively recent phenomenon. This is due to the fact that the corporate landscape has seen a seismic shift from disseminating information to their consumers predominantly through television, radio and print to the social media age characterized by various mediums such as Instagram, Facebook and Twitter dominated by influencers along...
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A revolution in the science of emotion has emerged in the last few decades, dealing with how positive and negative emotions mold individuals in an unexpected manner, with the prospective to create a theory shift in assessment of decision theories. The review reveals that emotions constitute dominant, persistent, and conventional drivers of decision making thus affecting an indivdual. Across different...
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This assignment will be focusing on the Psychodynamic and Person-Centred perspectives. The aim will be to compare, contrast and provide criticisms for both perspectives. Also, the effectiveness of the Psychodynamic and Person-Centred Approaches will be mentioned, all with the use of past literature. Following that will be a conclusion that will summarise the essay. Person-centered therapy took a while to...
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Constructivism in international relations is one of the new concepts in the field and falls at the heels of the theories of realism, liberalism, and Marxism (economic structuralism) that exist in international relations. Constructivism is challenging realistic and liberal anarchy assumptions and the international system. Constructivism, as we shall see, focuses on ideas of norms, structural development, the relationship between...
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International Relations Political events have always been quite complex and just one theoretical approach cannot explain why they occur their impacts or their consequences. The only way to have a better understanding is by putting together all the theories and seeing the wider picture. That is the reason why Liberalism and Constructivism are the theories that better explain contemporary global...
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Introduction In the complex realm of international relations, three predominant theories have shaped scholarly discourse and policy-making: Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism. These paradigms offer distinct perspectives on how global politics operate, each providing unique insights into the motivations and actions of states. Realism, with its focus on power and security, views international relations as a perpetual struggle for dominance. In...
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The detailed study of language, usually interpersonal communication, came in the history of humanity and we consciously or unconsciously interpret what the body of the other says to give meaning to words. However, interpersonal communication is defined by the exchange of messages and codes between two individuals. The implication of the notion of distance constitutes an important point of communication...
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Abstract This study aims to build the Guidance of technopreneurship, especially Information Technology (IT) technopreneurship using an expert system approach based on entrepreneurial values and multiple intelligences. The research consists of several steps: system analysis and design, system development, and test and implementation system. The result is the guidance of technopreneurship using an expert system. The expert system consists of...
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Introduction Personal traits and values are significant psychological characteristics, serving as crucial predictors of many aftermaths. However, they are often studied separately, which gives little understanding of their relationships. In spite of the fact that personality traits have been frequently seen as important in understanding a person, the opinion of personal values has mostly been more tangential. Some scholars have...
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1. Introduction 1.1. Introduction to the development stage (Middle Childhood) Children grow and develop rapidly in four main areas of development which are motor (physical), communication and language, cognitive, and lastly social and emotional. Social-emotional development includes the child’s experience, expression, and management of emotions and the ability to establish positive and rewarding relationships with others (Cohen, et, al., 2005)....
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Kanye’s Sunday Service Kanye West’s transformation story has been received differently among Christians and non-believers all over the world. Recently, the American-based hip-hop sensational took to the media to reveal the release of his ‘Jesus is King Album”, a step that shows his dedication to letting people understand more about God. Besides, he has used his weekly program identified as...
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The news event is a CNN interview with Brad Pitt (a well-renowned actor) with Christiane Amanpour, a journalist at CNN. The interview focuses on the perspectives of the actor on loneliness, masculinity, and his relationship with alcohol (CNN News, 2019). This interview comes at a time when the actor has faced some life challenges owing to some decisions he has...
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Applying Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s Theory of Cognitive Development to the case Introduction This essay will interpret the cognitive processes of the case of a K2 student who is called Andrew, recommend an intervention practice in promoting the cognitive development of the child and expound on the roles of the teacher. Cognitive processes and stages Schema for birds Firstly, schema occurs....
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Background and Purpose This study tells about Attribution which includes the process that is used by people to link the underlying causes of the events. Social psychologists in analyzing attribution cases, as with many other issues, do not have a full consensus, and they analyze and study it from different perspectives. That is different theories have been imposed in this...
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Child Study The aim of this paper is to analyze the behavior exhibited by a child using two psychological theories: Piaget’s cognitive development theory and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. Analyzing and understanding the theories on childhood development, directly shows how different aspects could impact and how theories could draw on a child’s early development (Boyd & Bee, 2015). Furthermore, the skills...
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1. Understanding the Attribution Theory 1.1 Introduction We, as human beings, do a lot of things in our day-to-day lives and those actions are tried to make sense of in this social world. We are curious to understand people, we need to make sense of WHY they do what they do Attribution theory which is developed by Fritz Heider, the...
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Lev Vygotsky’s Social Constructive theory of learning: Zone of Proximal Development and Scaffolding and their Classroom Application Constructivism is a learning theory explaining how humans acquire knowledge and learn. It holds that humans construct their own knowledge from the experiences they have and that the meaning is influenced by the interaction of prior knowledge and new events (Elliot et al.,...
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Lev Vygotsky 1. Biography and Historical Context Lev Vygotsky was born on November 17, 1896, in Orsha, Russia. His father was a bank clerk and founded a public library in the city of Gomel, where the whole family moved. In 1914, Vygotsky joined the Medical Faculty of Moscow University, but after a while, he moved to the Faculty of Law...
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Pragmatics refers to the study of signs, sentence structure, and symbols. It focuses on the meaning of utterances. It is what people say in terms of spoken speech or by the use of signs and symbols. It is a fundamental component in human speech because it establishes meaning and intention hence establishing a better understanding. It also helps in establishing...
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Do you know how self-concept influences academic performance? Today we have all heard about self-esteem and we have more or less clear what this concept means. However, it should be remembered that it corresponds to the evaluative perception of ourselves, that is, how we value ourselves. Now, do we know what self-concept is? And more importantly, what is the relationship...
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Born in western Russia with a well-to-do and well-educated family. He had a personal interest in psychology and philosophy. He graduated at Moscow University in Law and later presented to the Russian Psychological Neural Congress and was invited to Join Moscow Psychology Institute. He worked on child development until he died of Tuberculosis at 37. Lev Vygotsky was born in...
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Introduction In the context of theories on child language development, the behaviourist theory of operant conditioning proposed by B.F. Skinner in Verbal Behaviour (1957), is one of the earliest, and arguably considered the most outmoded by many in the field. The basic principle of operant conditioning is that behaviour which is rewarded or reinforced will be strengthened (Jayasundara, 2018, p.247)....
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This statement 'Every counseling theory's view of human nature, key concepts, therapeutic goals, and intervention strategies are closely connected to one another” reveals how these 4 components are intertwined for the formation of each counseling theories respectively. Human nature – Sigmund Freud has a pessimistic view on humans such that they are void of any potentials (Marković, 2014). This view...
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Many educators have had the experience of not being able to reach some students until presenting the information in a completely different way or providing new options for student expression. Perhaps it was a student who struggled with writing until the teacher provided the option to create a graphic story, which blossomed into a beautiful and complex narrative. Or maybe...
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The desire to find meaning is recognized as a fundamental human quest. Adler introduced us to the realization that humans live in the world of meaning, Frankl convinced us to believe that our life is directed at and guided by meaning, while Freud suggested that all our actions mean something. Meaning in life is seen as an important construct which...
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Psychology is the art and science of behavior. It is a subject which is not just enclosed in books, but one that lies in the realm of reality, and becomes a part of our everyday life. Human tendency, more often than not is to not look at the flipside of things, but to look at the conventional path endorsed by...
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