Introduction Code-switching is one of the controversial topics in English Language Teaching (ELT) practice. It has been studied from different perspectives and has received much critical attention from researchers worldwide. This paper aims at providing critical reflections on two selected articles from the course core readings. The first article is Learner code-switching versus English only by Andrew Sampson (2012) and...
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Introduction Photosynthesis is very complex process, if analyzed in complete detail. It involves the converting light energy to chemical energy that is used by plants. One of the main aspects of photosynthesis is the flow of electrons. In the process, there is reduction of CO₂, known as carbon dioxide, and the oxidation of H₂0, known as water. This is known...
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Fish, being a protein rich food, is often recommended for consumption by many dieticians. However, the effect of pollution of water reservoirs on the quality of nutrition provided by fish cannot be ignored. It was necessary to focus on toxic substance levels specifically heavy metals which have tendency to bio accumulate. This study investigates the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in...
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Have you ever wondered what it would be like to live on another planet? Well science is just starting to maybe make your dreams come true. However, there is a debate about whether or not we should colonize mars. In my opinion I believe we should, the advantages of colonizing a new planet could be unimaginable. In this Mars essay...
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The society in which we live is supported in different perspectives with excellent technology. When new technologies advance, always it produces opposing views and conflicts between the different groups that hold them. One of the biggest technical controversies is whether genetically modified organisms (GMO) which the plant, animals, insects or micro-organisms whose genetic make-up has been changed using modern laboratory...
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DNA analysis is one of the greatest technical achievements for criminal investigation since the discovery of fingerprints. Methods of DNA profiling are firmly grounded in molecular technology. – Committee on DNA forensic science, National Academy of Sciences. For this project I chose to do DNA in the criminal justice field. What is DNA? Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA for sure, is...
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Every country in the world is home to a wide range of thousands of different animals. Some of these animals are unique to their location, such as the wild wildebeest of the African Sahara, the Brown Bear of North America or the Capybara of coastal Brazil; others are domesticated and commonly seen throughout the world like a housecat or a...
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Language acquisition is a phenomenon that people are still looking into today, and opinions differ regarding its innateness; some think it’s learned (nurture), others believe it’s acquired (nature). Jackendorff (1994) develops arguments supporting the latter: the argument for mental grammar and the argument for innate knowledge, both of which make a pretty strong case. However, no theory goes by unquestioned,...
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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis is becoming more common in criminal investigations to characterize forensic biological specimen. This paper will examine mtDNA analysis in the forensic field, the expertise and training required and its strengths and limitations. The strengths of mtDNA analysis are the following: mtDNA has a high copy number, it provides an alternative option when nuclear DNA (nucDNA) is...
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The DNA of every individual is unique. Even identical twins have variations in their DNA that makes it unique. DNA can not only be used to identify a person but can also reveal medical issues and project potential health problems that may arise in the future (“DNA test company 23andMe now fueling medical research”, 2018). Law enforcement has been using...
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INTRODUCTION: The Knoevenagel condensation is named after Emil Knoevenagel and is a modification of the aldol condensation[1, 2]. It is used for formation of carbon-carbon bond. The Knoevenagel condensation is an organic reaction used to convert an aldehyde or ketone and an activated methylene compound to olefins in the presence of weakly basic amine as a catalyst. However, if a...
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With a growing population and increasing demand for food, particularly meat products, agricultural practices need to adapt to improve environmental efficiency and yield. Sources suggest that by the year 2050, the human population will surpass 9.1 billion and if our agricultural systems do not adapt to a changing world there will be a devastating food crisis within the near future...
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Introduction Cosmology is a field that has worried humanity for millenia, trying to find answers to the questions about the origin, evolution and fate of the universe. Although in the beginning this could only be theorical, the development of new technologies has given us a way to probe these theories experimentally. This article is a review about how distant supernovae...
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Abstract Rapid industrialization and urbanization in Chhattisgarh as well as in others states of India are responsible for accumulation of toxic metals in our daily life through waste water. Consumption of polluted drinking water over a long period of time causes many serious health issues in human beings. Adsorption is an environment friendly and economic tool for removal of toxic...
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If it came from a plant, eat it; If it was made in a plant, don’t. This is a famous quote by Michael Pollan. This means plants are a food source for all living beings. From tip to toe plants provide foods for us. Because each and every part of a plant such as fruit, flower, leaves, stem, bark and...
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INTRODUCTION Food analysis is a very important branch of analytical chemistry which provides data about chemical composition of food stuffs, contaminants and ensures safety of foods during import and exports. Many compounds which are found in nature, can be chiral which may have one or more chiral center and can exist as enantiomers. Enantiomers exhibits similar physico-chemical properties with assymetric...
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Abstract This study is an epistemological enquiry into the definition of ‘development’. The introduction of new technologies by the state perpetuates the dominant discourse of the times. Green Revolution is one such technology that changed the paradigm of farming in the state of Punjab, India. The developmental ideology of those times paved the way for technological interventions and made the...
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Abstract Pakistan is an agricultural country and the economy of Pakistan is highly depending on its agriculture productivity. Detection of diseases in plants plays a significant role in the agriculture field of Pakistan. Lack of timely and proper care of plants massively affects the output quality, quantity, and productivity. This paper presents an algorithm for the detection and identification of...
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Abstract Biotechnology of Extremophiles such as Thermus Aquaticus and Deinoccous radiodurans have a plethora of ways to improve human life. This paper reviews the use of said extremophilic enzymes, bacteria and some methodology of the current biotechnology that can take advantage of the extremophiles. Introduction Biotechnology is involved with our everyday lives, ranging from crops production, PCR and more. There’s...
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The significance of language in daily lives is prominent as it is central to the construction of social identity and therefore to the development of a political, ethical and social self (Gutierrez and Larson 1994; Gibson 2004). The importance of language in identity formation is argued by Carter and Aulette (2009, p. 214): [language is] a fundamental part of our...
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Abstract This paper examines the negative ethical consequences that newly developed DNA tests have on individuals and their privacy within society. Although DNA testing has beneficial uses, there are a wide variety of negative effects in using, unregulated at home testing kits known as LTDS. Many companies do not have clear privacy policies for customer’s privacy when using their services....
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Introduction Refraction index is one of the most important intriguing concepts in physics. It demonstrates how light behaves in different mediums which is vital for thin film technology and fiber optics[footnoteRef:1]. As for this exploration, the change in refractive index of water due to salt concentration applies to archer fishers found in the South Pacific and the Indian Ocean fishing...
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Abstract In this research paper the researcher analyzes the effect language in developing emotional intelligence in people from different sectors. 80 people were randomly selected from Bhilai city. The data was collected by using emotional intelligence scale which was formulated during research work. The finding reveals that the language we use is closely related to our lifestyle and our environment....
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Abstract Heavy metals discharge from agricultural, domestic, industrial and municipal wastewater has become a serious threat for environment. During past couple of decades new class of adsorbents developed, has helped to overcome this threat. Due to their excellent potential in wastewater and industrial effluents treatment and distinct characteristics they have gained popularity. This review paper presents, nanoadsorbents used in removal...
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Introduction The growth and development of plants are heavily influenced by the availability and types of nutrients and fertilizers. Nutrients, both macro and micro, play a pivotal role in ensuring healthy plant growth, impacting everything from cell division to photosynthesis. Fertilizers, on the other hand, are external sources that provide these essential nutrients, aiding plants in overcoming deficiencies in the...
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Introduction The escalating demand for sustainable energy solutions has thrust solar technology into the spotlight as a viable alternative to fossil fuels. Among the innovative developments in this field is the solar oxy-hydrogen generator, which combines solar energy with water electrolysis to produce hydrogen and oxygen gases. This technology not only offers a clean energy source but also presents an...
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Abstract This paper highlights the use of a sign language translator glove using development board like Arduino-MEGA. The main purpose of this project is to highlight the uses of a sign language translator glove This document proposes the application and development of a sign language translator glove using relevant technologies. Sign language is useful tool of communication between the differently-abled...
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The effects of changing temperature and pH conditions on the activity of the β-galactosidase enzyme and its affinity for ONPG were studied. A standard curve was developed as a control, and was used to obtain the assays for the 6 different reaction rates studied, corresponding with the 4 temperatures and 4 pH’s. The reaction results were measured for its absorbance,...
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Science has proved that all the matter in the universe is made of protons, neutrons, and electrons: energy that is always in motion. Because of this, many people have argued that every object in the universe, whether alive or not, is connected energy. Paulo Coelho subtly demonstrates this idea in his novel, The Alchemist, as the reader follows the journey...
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Introduction Cell division is important for an organism's growth. However, DNA must be replicated before the cell divides. DNA is the hereditary molecule that stores instructions to make proteins.1 Since DNA is the hereditary material, it must be copied from a cell to its daughter cell and this is done by the process of DNA replication. DNA replication is a...
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